%0 Journal Article %J The Journal of Rural Health %D 2024 %T The association of alcohol use and heavy drinking with subsequent handgun carrying among youth from rural areas %A Ellyson, Alice M. %A Schleimer, Julia P. %A Dalve, Kimberly %A Gause, Emma %A Weybright, Elizabeth H. %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %B The Journal of Rural Health %V 40 %P 181-191 %8 01/2024 %G eng %U https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12789 %N 1 %R 10.1111/jrh.12789 %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2024 %T Family-focused universal substance use prevention in primary care: Advancing a pragmatic national healthcare agenda %A Hogue, Aaron %A Brykman, Kelsey %A Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent %A Ilakkuvan, Vinu %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Matson, Pamela %A McKnight, Erin R. %A Powell, Terrinieka W. %A Richter, Linda %A Walker-Harding, Leslie R. %B Prevention Science %V 25 %P 307-317 %8 02/2024 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1007/s11121-023-01584-4 %0 Journal Article %J Health Affairs Forefront %D 2024 %T Prevention: The missing link in our efforts to support families impacted by the opioid epidemic %A Leighty, Jim %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Cooper, Brittany %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Oxford, Monica L. %A Peavy, K. Michelle %A Walker-Harding, Leslie R. %B Health Affairs Forefront %V February 9 %8 02/09/2024 %G eng %R 10.1377/forefront.20240207.380985 %0 Journal Article %J Injury Prevention %D 2024 %T Strategies for recruiting adolescents in rural areas in firearm injury research %A Weybright, Elizabeth H. %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %E Hall, Ashley %E Ellyson, Alice %E Varrella, Gary %E Kuklinski, Margaret R. %E Gause, Emma %E Schleimer, Julia %E Dalve, Kimberly %B Injury Prevention %V Advance online publication. doi:10.1136/ip-2023-045104 %8 01/11/2024 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Preventive Medicine %D 2023 %T Bullying and physical violence and their association with handgun carrying among youth growing up in rural areas %A Ellyson, Alice M. %A Gause, Emma %A Lyons, Vivian H. %A Schleimer, Julia P. %A Dalve, Kimberly %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Weybright, Elizabeth H. %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %B Preventive Medicine %V 167 %P 107416 %G eng %R 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107416 %0 Journal Article %J Research on Social Work Practice %D 2023 %T Cost-effectiveness analysis of First Step Next for preschoolers with social-emotional needs %A Frey, Andy J. %A Small, Jason W. %A Zhang, Bixi %A Bates, Samantha %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Walker, Hill M. %A Feil, Edward G. %B Research on Social Work Practice %V Advance online publication. doi:10.1177/10497315231208400 %8 10/1023 %G eng %R 10.1177/10497315231208400 %0 Journal Article %J JAMA Network Open %D 2023 %T Effect of the Communities That Care prevention system on adolescent handgun carrying: A cluster-randomized clinical trial %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Gause, Emma L. %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Ellyson, Alice M. %A Schleimer, Julia P. %A Dalve, Kimberly %A Weybright, Elizabeth H. %A Briney, John S. %A Hawkins, J David %B JAMA Network Open %V 6 %P e236699 %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.6699 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Public Child Welfare %D 2023 %T Evaluation of a brief foster parent/ case worker training to support relationship building skills and acceptance of LGBTQ+ youth in care %A Salazar, Amy M. %A Barkan, Susan E. %A Rankin, Leah F. %A Woo, Cossette B. %A Rozekova, Ivana %A Fowler, Nathan E. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Shogren, Dae %A Salzer, Amber %B Journal of Public Child Welfare %V 17 %P 213-237 %G eng %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2023 %T Methodological strategies for prospective harmonization of studies: Application to 10 distinct outcomes studies of preventive interventions targeting opioid misuse %A Ridenour, Ty %A Cruden, Gracelyn %A Yang, Yang %A Bonar, Erin %A Rodriguez, Anthony %A Saavedra, Lissette %A Hussong, Andrea %A Walton, Maureen %A Deeds, Bethany %A Ford, Jodi %A Knight, Danica %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Stormshak, Elizabeth %A Kominsky, Terrence %A Ahrens, Kim %A Woodward, Diane %A Feng, Xin %A Fiellin, Lynn %A Wilens, Timothy %A Klein, David %A Fernandes, Claudia-Santi %B Prevention Science %V 24(Suppl. 1) %P S16-S29 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Australian Journal of Psychology %D 2023 %T Polydrug use in Australian 12-14 year olds from 2006 to 2017: An examination of drug use profiles, emotional control problems, and family relationship characteristics %A Adrian B. Kelly %A Andrew Munnings %A Xiang Zhou %A Bosco Rowland %A Kristin R. Laurens %A Marilyn Campbell %A Joanne Williams %A Jen A. Bailey %A Callula Killingly %A Julie Abimanyi-Ochom %A Peter Kremer %A John W. Toumbourou %B Australian Journal of Psychology %V 75 %P 2174705 %8 02/2023 %G eng %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Adolescent Health %D 2023 %T School handgun carrying among youth growing up in rural communities %A Dalve, K %A Ellyson, AM %A Gause, E %A Lyons, VH %A Schleimer, JP %A Kuklinski, MR %A Oesterle, S %A Briney, JS %A Weybright, EH %A Rowhani-Rahbar, A %B Journal of Adolescent Health %V 72 %P 636-639 %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.10.033 %0 Journal Article %J JAMA Network Open %D 2022 %T Analysis of daily ambient temperature and firearm violence in 100 US Cities %A Lyons, VH %A Gause, EL %A Spangler, KR %A Wellenius, GA %A Jay, J %B JAMA Network Open %V 5 %P e2247207 %G eng %& 12 %R 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47207 %0 Journal Article %J JAMA Network Open %D 2022 %T Comparison of estimated incentives for preventing postpartum depression in value-based payment models using the net present value of care vs total cost of care %A Counts, Nathaniel Z. %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Wong, Venus %A Feinberg, Mark E. %A Creedon, Timothy B. %B JAMA Network Open %V 5 %P e229401 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Contemporary Clinical Trials %D 2022 %T Parent-focused prevention of adolescent health risk behavior: Study protocol for a multisite cluster-randomized trial implemented in pediatric primary care %A Scheuer, Hannah %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Sterling, Stacy A. %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Beck, Arne %A Braciszewski, Jordan %A Boggs, Jennifer %A Hawkins, J D %A Loree, Amy M. %A Weisner, Constance %A Carey, Susan %A Elsiss, Farah %A Morse, Erica %A Negusse, Rahel %A Jessen, Andrew %A Kline-Simon, Andrea %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Quesenberry, Charles %A Sofrygin, Oleg %A Yoon, Tae %B Contemporary Clinical Trials %V 112 %P 106621 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Substance Use and Misuse %D 2022 %T Substance-specific risk factors among young adults: Potential prevention targets across cannabis-permissive environments %A Guttmannova, Katarina %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Skinner, Martie L. %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Hultgren, Brittney %A Rhew, Isaac C. %A Parker, Myra %A Briney, John S %A White, Helene R. %B Substance Use and Misuse %V 57 %P 1923-1930 %G eng %N 13 %0 Journal Article %J JAMA Network Open %D 2022 %T Trajectories of handgun carrying in rural communities from early adolescence to young adulthood %A Ellyson, Alice M. %A Gause, Emma %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Briney, John S. %A Weybright, Elizabeth H. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Lyons, Vivian H. %A Schleimer, Julia P. %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %B JAMA Network Open %V 5 %P e225127 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Preventive Medicine %D 2022 %T Valuing the cross-sector benefits from improving youth health to drive investment in place-based preventive interventions in the US: A simulation modeling study %A Counts, Nathaniel Z. %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Kelleher, Kelly J. %A Wang, Y. C %B Preventive Medicine %V 156 %P 106981 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Healthcare %D 2021 %T Accounting for quality improvement during the conduct of embedded pragmatic clinical trials within healthcare systems: NIH collaboratory case studies %A Tuzzio, Leah %A Meyers, Catherine M. %A Dember, Laura M. %A Grudzen, Corita R. %A Melnick, Edward R. %A Staman, Karen L. %A Huang, Susan S. %A Richards, Julie %A DeBar, Lynn %A Vazquez, Miguel A. %A Green, Beverly B. %A Coronado, Gloria D. %A Jarvik, Jeffrey G. %A Braciszewski, Jordan %A Ho, P. Michael %A Wells, Barbara L. %A James, Kathryn %A Toto, Robert %A D'Onofrio, Gail %A Volandes, Angelo %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Catalano, Richard F %A Sterling, Stacy A. %A Morse, Erica F. %A Curtis, Lesley %A Larson, Eric B. %B Healthcare %V 8(Suppl 1) %P 100432 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Injury Epidemiology %D 2021 %T Barriers to recruitment, retention and intervention delivery in a randomized trial among patients with firearm injuries %A Floyd, Anthony S. %A Lyons, Vivian H. %A Whiteside, Lauren K. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Rivara, Frederick P. %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %B Injury Epidemiology %V 8 %P 37 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery %D 2021 %T Helping individuals with firearm injuries: A cluster randomized trial %A Lyons, Vivian H. %A Floyd, Anthony S. %A Griffin, Elizabeth %A Wang, Jin %A Hajat, Anjum %A Carone, Marco %A Benkeser, David %A Whiteside, Lauren %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Rivara, Frederick P. %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %B Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery %V 90 %P 722-730 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Children and Youth Services Review %D 2020 %T Assessing caregiver usability of the National Training and Development Curriculum for Foster and Adoptive Parents %A Salazar, Amy M. %A Day, Angelique %A Feltner, Alanna %A Lopez, Jacquelene M. %A Garcia-Rosales, Katherine V. %A Vanderwill, Lori A. %A Boo, Mary %A Ornelas, Laura A. %A Wright, Leslie B. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %B Children and Youth Services Review %V 114 %P 105031 %G eng %0 Book %D 2020 %T Cannabis Concentration and Health Risks. A report for the Washington State Prevention Research Subcommittee %A Carlini, Beatriz %A Barbosa-Leiker, Celestina %A Cuttler, Carrie %A Dilley, Julia %A Firth, Caislin %A Haggerty, Kevin %A Kilmer, Jason %A McDonnell, Mike %A Stella, Nephi %A Walker, Denise %A Willits, Dale %A Broschart, Sara %A Ehrlich, Trecia %A Haley, Kristin %A Steele, Christine %A Wilhelm, Liz %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Research on Social Work Practice %D 2020 %T Fidelity assessment of a social work-led intervention among patients with firearm injuries %A Lyons, Vivian H. %A Benson, Lina R. %A Griffin, Elizabeth %A Floyd, Anthony S. %A Kiche, Sharon W. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Whiteside, Lauren %A Conover, Sarah %A Herman, Daniel B. %A Rivara, Frederick P. %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %B Research on Social Work Practice %V 30 %P 678-687 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Clinical manual of youth addictive disorders, 2nd Ed. %D 2020 %T Prevention of substance use and substance use disorders %A Scheier, Lawrence M. %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Winters, Ken C. %E Kaminer, Yifrah %E Winters, Ken C. %B Clinical manual of youth addictive disorders, 2nd Ed. %I American Psychiatric Association %C Washington, DC %P 25-50 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2020 %T Supporting strategic investment in social programs: A cost analysis of the Family Check-Up %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Crowley, D. Max %A Dishion, Thomas J. %A Wilson, Melvin N. %A Pelham, William E., III %A Shaw, Daniel S. %B Prevention Science %V 21 %P 256-267 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Child & Family Social Work %D 2019 %T Adapting the Friends of the Children programme for child welfare system-involved families %A Salazar, Amy M. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Walsh, Susan %A Noell, Bailey %A Kelley-Siel, Erinn %B Child & Family Social Work %V 24 %P 430-440 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2019 %T Comprehensive cost analysis of First Step Next for preschoolers with disruptive behavior disorder: Using real-world intervention data to estimate costs at scale %A Frey, Andy J. %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Bills, Kiersten %A Small, Jason W. %A Forness, Steven R. %A Walker, Hill M. %A Feil, Edward G. %A Seeley, John R. %B Prevention Science %V 20 %P 1219-1232 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Behavioral Medicine %D 2019 %T Firearm-related behaviors following firearm injury: Changes in ownership, carrying and storage %A Lyons, Vivian H. %A Rivara, Frederick P. %A Yan, A N-X %A Currier, Cara %A Ballsmith, Erin %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Whiteside, Lauren %A Floyd, Anthony S. %A Hajat, Anjum %A Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali %B Journal of Behavioral Medicine %V 42 %P 658-673 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2019 %T The interplay between marijuana-specific risk factors and marijuana use over the course of adolescence %A Guttmannova, Katarina %A Skinner, Martie L. %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A White, Helene R. %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Hawkins, J D %B Prevention Science %V 20 %P 235-245 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2019 %T Optimizing assessment of risk and protection for diverse adolescent outcomes: Do risk and protective factors for delinquency and substance use also predict risky sexual behavior? %A Fleming, Christopher M. %A Eisenberg, Nicole %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Kosterman, Rick %A Cambron, Christopher %A Hawkins, J D %A Hobbs, Tim %A Berman, Ilene %A Fleming, Tammi %A Watrous, Jessie %B Prevention Science %V 20 %P 788-799 %G eng %0 Web Page %D 2018 %T Literature & Resource Review: Characteristics of Successful Foster, Adoptive and/or Kinship Caregivers of American Indian, Alaska Native, First Nations and Native Hawaiian (AIAN/FN/NH) Children and Suggested Training Themes for these Parents %A Day, Angelique %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Murphy, Kerrie %A Wilson, Morgan %A Drywater-Whitekiller, Virginia %I University of Washington School of Social Work in partnership with Spaulding for Children; Child Trauma Academy; The Center for Adoption Support and Education; North American Council on Adoptable Children; National Council for Adoption; and Northeastern S %C Seattle, WA %G eng %0 Web Page %D 2018 %T Literature Review: Intercountry Adoption and Private Domestic Adoption. National Training & Development Curriculum for Foster and Adoptive Parents %A Day, L E %A Haggerty, Kevin %A Willis, Tamarie %A Crume, Joel %A Wilson, Morgan %I University of Washington School of Social Work in partnership with Spaulding for Children; Child Trauma Academy; The Center for Adoption Support and Education; North American Council on Adoptable Children; and National Council for Adoption %C Seattle, WA %G eng %0 Book Section %B Contemporary health issues on marijuana %D 2018 %T Risk and protective factors for adolescent marijuana use %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Speaker, Elizabeth C. %A Skinner, Martie L. %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Hong, Ge %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Guttmannova, Katarina %A Harrop, Erin N. %E Ken C. Winters %E Kevin A. Sabet %B Contemporary health issues on marijuana %I Oxford University Press %C New York, NY %P 219-235 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Community Psychology %D 2017 %T Assessment of risk and protection in Native American youth: Steps toward conducting culturally relevant, sustainable prevention in Indian Country %A Guttmannova, Katarina %A Wheeler, Melissa J. %A Hill, Karl G. %A Evans-Campbell, Teresa A. %A Hartigan, Lacey A. %A Jones, Tiffany M. %A Hawkins, J D %A Catalano, Richard F. %B Journal of Community Psychology %V 43 %P 346-362 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Drug and Alcohol Dependence %D 2017 %T The association between regular marijuana use and adult mental health outcomes %A Guttmannova, Katarina %A Kosterman, Rick %A White, Helene R. %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Lee, Jungeun O. %A Epstein, Marina %A Jones, Tiffany M. %A Hawkins, J D %B Drug and Alcohol Dependence %I Elsevier %V 179 %P 109-116 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Encyclopedia of juvenile delinquency and justice %D 2017 %T Communities That Care %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %E Christopher J. Schreck %E Michael J. Leiber %E Holly Ventura Miller %E Kelly Welch %B Encyclopedia of juvenile delinquency and justice %I Wiley-Blackwell %C New York, NY %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2017 %T A randomized controlled trial of a long-term professional mentoring program for children at risk: Outcomes across the first 5 years %A Eddy, J M %A Martinez, C R, Jr. %A Grossman, J B %A Cearley, Jennifer J. %A Herrera, Danita %A Wheeler, Alice C. %A Rempel, Jeff S. %A Foney, Dana %A Gau, Jeff M. %A Burraston, Bert O. %A Harachi, Tracy W. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Seeley, John R. %B Prevention Science %V 18 %P 899-910 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2017 %T The relationship between marijuana and conventional cigarette smoking behavior from early adolescence to adulthood %A Kristman-Valente, Allison N. %A Hill, Karl G. %A Epstein, Marina %A Kosterman, Rick %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Steeger, Christine M. %A Jones, Tiffany M. %A Abbott, Robert D. %A Johnson, Renee M. %A Walker, Denise %A Hawkins, J D %B Prevention Science %I Springer %V 18 %P 428-438 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Psychol Addict Behav %D 2016 %T Association of comorbid psychopathology with the duration of cannabis use disorders. %A Farmer, Richard F %A Kosty, Derek B %A Seeley, John R %A Gau, Jeff M %A Duncan, Susan C %A Walker, Denise D %A Lewinsohn, Peter M %X

Risk factors for the development of cannabis use disorders (CUDs) have been well-researched. Comparatively little is known, however, about factors associated with the persistence of CUDs over time. This research explored whether the temporal sequencing of comorbid psychiatric disorders in relation to the onset of the index CUD episode were associated with the length of this episode. Four comprehensive diagnostic assessments were conducted between ages 16 and 30 with a large and regionally representative community sample (n = 816), among which 173 persons were diagnosed with a lifetime CUD. In separate unadjusted analyses, any internalizing disorder and any mood disorder with onset prior to that of the index CUD episode were each significantly and negatively associated with CUD duration. These effects, however, were reduced to trend level in adjusted analyses that controlled for putative confounders. Following the onset of the index CUD episode, the subsequent occurrence of any Axis I disorder, internalizing disorder, externalizing disorder, or other substance use disorder during the index CUD episode was significantly and positively associated with the duration of that episode in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. These findings collectively suggest that the presence of internalizing-spectrum disorders prior to the onset of the index CUD episode affords some modest protection against protracted episodes, whereas the emergence of broad-spectrum psychopathology within the index CUD episode, most notably noncannabis substance use disorders, is associated with greater disorder persistence. The relevance of these findings for various motivational models of cannabis addiction is discussed.

%B Psychol Addict Behav %V 30 %P 82-92 %8 2016 Feb %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1037/adb0000151 %0 Journal Article %J Addict Behav %D 2016 %T Motives for marijuana use among heavy-using high school students: An analysis of structure and utility of the Comprehensive Marijuana Motives Questionnaire. %A Blevins, Claire E %A Banes, Kelsey E %A Stephens, Robert S %A Walker, Denise D %A Roffman, Roger A %X

Motives for marijuana use are important predictors of problematic outcomes associated with marijuana use. Most measures, to date, were developed by adapting alcohol motives measures. However, the Comprehensive Marijuana Motives Questionnaire (CMMQ) was created using a bottom-up approach to evaluate twelve distinct motives for use. The CMMQ was developed and validated in a normative college population. As such, no known study has evaluated the factor structure and utility of the CMMQ in a heavy-using, high school student population. The current study utilized a sample of 252 heavy marijuana-using high school students recruited for a combination motivational enhancement/cognitive behavioral intervention. Results from baseline measures indicated that the factor structure of the CMMQ was maintained in this population. Results from multiple regression analyses revealed distinct relationships with measures of negative consequences of use, including indices of marijuana use, marijuana-related problems, self-efficacy, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In particular, the Coping motive was associated with several negative outcomes, which is consistent with previous marijuana and alcohol motives literature. Results suggest that the CMMQ may be useful in assessing marijuana motives among heavy marijuana-using adolescents.

%B Addict Behav %V 57 %P 42-7 %8 2016 Jun %G eng %R 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.02.005 %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2016 %T Planning for long-term follow-up: Strategies learned from longitudinal studies %A Hill, Karl G. %A Woodward, Danielle %A Woelfel, Tiffany %A Hawkins, J D %A Green, Sara %B Prevention Science %V 17 %P 806-818 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Addict Behav %D 2016 %T A preliminary evaluation of synthetic cannabinoid use among adolescent cannabis users: Characteristics and treatment outcomes. %A Blevins, Claire E %A Banes, Kelsey E %A Stephens, Robert S %A Walker, Denise D %A Roffman, Roger A %X

Little is known regarding the use of synthetic cannabinoids (SC), particularly use among adolescent substance users who may be at higher risk. The present exploratory study seeks to describe SC use and subjective effects among cannabis-using adolescents as well as compare the characteristics of cannabis users who do and do not use SC. Exploratory analyses evaluated cannabis treatment outcomes among SC users and non-users. Participants enrolled in a randomized, controlled intervention for cannabis-using high school students aged 14-19 (N=252) completed questionnaires regarding their use of SC and other substances. Those who used SC in the past 60days reported subjective effects of SC, consequences, and SC use disorder symptoms. Baseline characteristics, alcohol and other drug use, and treatment outcomes of SC users were compared to participants who never tried SC. Within this sample 29% had tried SC, and 6% used SC recently. Although most reported use at a relatively low rate, 43% of recent SC users reported SC use-disorder symptoms. Positive and negative subjective effects of SC were endorsed, with positive subjective effects reported more often. SC use was associated with more cannabis use, but not more alcohol or other (non-SC and non-cannabis) drug use. SC users did not differ from non-users on cannabis treatment outcomes. This exploratory study described SC use, and compared characteristics and treatment outcomes among SC users and non-users. Negative subjective effects of SC were reported as occurring less often, but SC use was associated with use disorder psychopathology. SC use was associated with more problematic cannabis use at baseline, but was not associated with use of other substances or differences in treatment outcome.

%B Addict Behav %V 63 %P 114-9 %8 2016 Dec %G eng %R 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.07.005 %0 Journal Article %J Addict Behav %D 2016 %T The relationship between general causality orientation and treatment outcome among marijuana-dependent adults. %A Blevins, Claire E %A Banes, Kelsey E %A Walker, Denise D %A Stephens, Robert S %A Roffman, Roger A %X

General causality orientations are motivational styles that are indicative of a person's belief about personal change and their motivation to change. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether causality orientations were associated with marijuana treatment outcomes in a sample of marijuana-dependent individuals. A total of 74 participants (66% male) were recruited from the Seattle, Washington area and randomly assigned to receive a combination of motivational enhancement and cognitive behavioral therapy or the combination treatment plus additional "check-up" sessions. Follow-up assessments evaluated frequency of use, use-related problems, and marijuana use disorder symptoms through 9months. Causality orientations were relatively stable over time. Posttreatment Autonomy orientations were associated with lower frequency of use and Controlled orientations were associated with a reduction in use, problems, and marijuana use disorder symptoms. Autonomy and Controlled orientations were associated with readiness to change. Results suggest that both autonomous and controlled orientations have implications for response to treatment; perhaps for different reasons. Causality orientations may be a promising avenue of research to predict treatment response and outcome.

%B Addict Behav %V 53 %P 196-200 %8 2016 Feb %G eng %R 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.10.021 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions %D 2016 %T The relationship between interpersonal violence victimization and smoking behavior across time and by gender %A Kristman-Valente, Allison N. %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Hill, Karl G. %A Wells, Elizabeth A. %A Epstein, Marina %A Jones, Tiffany M. %A Hawkins, J D %B Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions %I Taylor & Francis Group %V 16 %P 132-159 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of pediatric psychology %D 2016 %T The Sensitivity to Change and Responsiveness of the Adult Responses to Children's Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Pain %A M. Noel %A N. Alberts %A S. L. Langer %A R. L. Levy %A L. S. Walker %A T. M. Palermo %K adolescents %K ARCS %K children %K Chronic Pain %K monitor %K parental responses %K pediatric pain %K protect. %X OBJECTIVE: To examine the sensitivity to change and responsiveness of the Adult Responses to Children's Symptoms (ARCS) among parents of youth with chronic pain. METHODS: Participants included 330 youth (89 children aged 7-11 years, 241 children aged 12-17 years) and their parents who participated in randomized controlled trials of family-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain. Child pain and disability, parental emotional functioning, and parental responses to child pain were assessed at baseline and posttreatment. RESULTS: The Protect and Monitor scales of the ARCS were sensitive to change following intervention for both developmental groups, with clinically meaningful reductions in these behaviors, thereby demonstrating responsiveness. Among the adolescent sample, greater change on some ARCS scales was associated with better parental emotional functioning and lower child pain at posttreatment. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the sensitivity to change and responsiveness of the Protect and Monitor scales among parents of youth with chronic pain. %B Journal of pediatric psychology %V 41 %P 350-362 %8 Apr %@ 1465-735X; 0146-8693 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Community Psychology %D 2016 %T Sustaining adoption of science-based prevention through Communities That Care %A Gloppen, Kari M. %A Brown, Eric C. %A Wagenaar, Bradley H. %A Hawkins, J D %A Rhew, Isaac C. %A Oesterle, Sabrina %B Journal of Community Psychology %V 44 %P 78-89 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Behavior Genetics %D 2016 %T A test-replicate approach to candidate gene research on addiction and externalizing disorders: A collaboration across five longitudinal studies %A Samek, Diana R. %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Hill, Karl G. %A Wilson, Sylia %A Lee, Susanne %A Keyes, Margaret A. %A Epstein, Marina %A Smolen, Andrew %A Miller, Michael %A Winters, Ken C. %A Hawkins, J D %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Iacono, William G. %A McGue, Matt %B Behavior Genetics %I Springer %V 46 %P 608-626 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Residential Treatment for Children & Youth %D 2016 %T Therapeutic Residential Care for Children and Youth: A Consensus Statement of the International Work Group on Therapeutic Residential Care %A Whittaker, James K. %A Holmes, Lisa %A Del Valle, Jorge F. %A Ainsworth, Frank %A Andreassen, Tore %A Anglin, James %A Bellonci, Christopher %A Berridge, David %A Bravo, Amaia %A Canali, Cinzia %A Courtney, Mark %A Currey, Laurah %A Daly, Daniel %A Gilligan, Robbie %A Grietens, Hans %A Harder, Annemiek %A Holden, Martha %A James, Sigrid %A Kendrick, Andrew %A Knorth, Erik %K Children -- Institutional care %K Foster Home Care %K Group homes for children %K Institutional care %K Residential care %X

 The article focuses on the consensus statement on therapeutic residential care developed jointly by an international consortium of experts on residential care. It highlights the efforts of British Prime Minister David Cameron in reviewing the role and purpose of residential placements within the wider child welfare system. Information about the working definition of therapeutic residential care is also offered.

%B Residential Treatment for Children & Youth %V 33 %P 89-106 %8 Apr-Jun2016 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1080/0886571X.2016.1215755 %0 Journal Article %J The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care %D 2015 %T Behavioral and Educational Interventions to Support Family Caregivers in End-of-Life Care: A Systematic Review %A N. C. Chi %A G. Demiris %A F. M. Lewis %A A. J. Walker %A S. L. Langer %K Behavior Therapy %K cognitive behavioral therapy %K cognitive psychotherapy %K Education %K end-of-life care %K family caregiver %K hospice care %K Palliative Care %X The demand for family caregivers steadily increases as the number of people receiving hospice and palliative care rises. Family caregivers play a significant role in supporting their loved ones in end-of-life care. However, there is limited evidence about the effectiveness of the interventions for supporting family caregivers. This article synthesizes behavioral and educational interventions that support family caregivers in end-of-life care. A systematic review was conducted and searched interventional studies published between 2004 and 2014 in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and The Cochrane Library electronic databases. Fourteen studies were identified and analyzed: 4 educational studies, 6 cognitive behavioral therapy studies, and 4 psychoeducational studies. All educational and behavioral interventions had developed structures and treatment manuals and improved family caregivers' outcomes. The cognitive behavioral therapy resulted in more positive outcomes than the other 2 interventions. More rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to replicate current effective interventions with larger and diverse sample. Future studies need to develop tools for assessing family caregivers' needs, create consistent and specific tools to effectively measure family caregivers' outcomes, incorporate a cost-effectiveness analysis, and find the most efficient intervention format and method. %B The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care %8 Jul 7 %@ 1938-2715; 1049-9091 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Psychol Addict Behav %D 2015 %T Computer-assisted behavioral therapy and contingency management for cannabis use disorder. %A Budney, Alan J %A Stanger, Catherine %A Tilford, J Mick %A Scherer, Emily B %A Brown, Pamela C %A Li, Zhongze %A Li, Zhigang %A Walker, Denise D %K Adult %K Cognitive Therapy %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Middle Aged %K Motivation %K Motivational Interviewing %K Psychotherapy, Brief %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Therapy, Computer-Assisted %K Treatment Outcome %K Young Adult %X

Computer-assisted behavioral treatments hold promise for enhancing access to and reducing costs of treatments for substance use disorders. This study assessed the efficacy of a computer-assisted version of an efficacious, multicomponent treatment for cannabis use disorders (CUD), that is, motivational enhancement therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and abstinence-based contingency-management (MET/CBT/CM). An initial cost comparison was also performed. Seventy-five adult participants, 59% Black, seeking treatment for CUD received either, MET only (BRIEF), therapist-delivered MET/CBT/CM (THERAPIST), or computer-delivered MET/CBT/CM (COMPUTER). During treatment, the THERAPIST and COMPUTER conditions engendered longer durations of continuous cannabis abstinence than BRIEF (p < .05), but did not differ from each other. Abstinence rates and reduction in days of use over time were maintained in COMPUTER at least as well as in THERAPIST. COMPUTER averaged approximately $130 (p < .05) less per case than THERAPIST in therapist costs, which offset most of the costs of CM. Results add to promising findings that illustrate potential for computer-assisted delivery methods to enhance access to evidence-based care, reduce costs, and possibly improve outcomes. The observed maintenance effects and the cost findings require replication in larger clinical trials.

%B Psychol Addict Behav %V 29 %P 501-11 %8 2015 Sep %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1037/adb0000078 %0 Journal Article %J J Subst Abuse Treat %D 2015 %T Maintenance Check-ups Following Treatment for Cannabis Dependence. %A Walker, Denise D %A Stephens, Robert S %A Towe, Sheri %A Banes, Kelsey %A Roffman, Roger %K Adult %K Cognitive Therapy %K Continuity of Patient Care %K Female %K Follow-Up Studies %K Humans %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Middle Aged %K Motivational Interviewing %K Random Allocation %K Treatment Outcome %X

Substance use disorders, including cannabis use disorders and associated negative consequences, are best considered chronic and in need of continuing care. In contrast, most treatment efficacy studies evaluate a fixed number of intervention sessions at a single point in time. The present study evaluated the efficacy of posttreatment maintenance check-ups (MCUs) in maintaining and improving outcomes following nine sessions of motivational enhancement treatment/cognitive behavioral treatment (MET/CBT). Adults dependent on cannabis (n=74) were randomly assigned to the MCU or a no check-up (NCU) condition and followed up at 3- and 9-months. MCU sessions occurred 1 and 4months following the completion of the base treatment. Additional MET/CBT sessions were available to participants throughout the follow-up period. The MCUs specifically encouraged treatment re-entry for those showing ongoing signs of disorder. Participants in the MCU condition reported significantly greater abstinent rates at both follow-ups and were using on fewer days at the 3-month but not the 9-month follow-up. Contrary to hypotheses, MCU participants did not attend more additional treatment and differences in rates of cannabis use emerged prior to the first MCU session. Future research with longer follow-up periods and longer monitoring of outcomes is needed to fully evaluate the utility of MCUs or other forms of continuing care.

%B J Subst Abuse Treat %V 56 %P 11-5 %8 2015 Sep %G eng %R 10.1016/j.jsat.2015.03.006 %0 Journal Article %J Relational Child & Youth Practice %D 2014 %T 50 Years in Therapeutic Child and Youth Care: Some Lessons Learned %A Whittaker, James K. %K Child care services %K Child care workers %K Problem children %K Problem youth %K Social services %X

The author highlights the lessons learned from his practice of therapeutic child and youth care at The Walker Home for Children in Needham, Massachusetts, University of Michigan Fresh Air Camp, and School of Social Work, University of Washington in Seattle. These life lessons include reforming a program's core values and principles, promoting a unifying program element, and validating clinical theories with evidence-based research that serve to support the child, his parents, and his caregiver.

%B Relational Child & Youth Practice %V 27 %P 28-31 %8 07/2014 %G eng %N 2 %0 Journal Article %J Clin J Pain %D 2014 %T Cognitive mediators of treatment outcomes in pediatric functional abdominal pain. %A Levy, Rona L %A Langer, Shelby L %A Romano, Joan M %A Labus, Jennifer %A Walker, Lynn S %A Murphy, Tasha B %A Tilburg, Miranda A L van %A Feld, Lauren D %A Christie, Dennis L %A Whitehead, William E %K Abdominal Pain %K Adolescent %K Catastrophization %K Child %K Cognitive Therapy %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Pain Measurement %K Parents %K Pediatrics %K Treatment Outcome %X

OBJECTIVES: Cognitive-behavioral (CB) interventions improve outcomes for many pediatric health conditions, but little is known about which mechanisms mediate these outcomes. The goal of this study was to identify whether changes in targeted process variables from baseline to 1 week posttreatment mediate improvement in outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of a brief CB intervention for idiopathic childhood abdominal pain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred children with persistent functional abdominal pain and their parents were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 conditions: a 3-session social learning and CB treatment (N=100), or a 3-session educational intervention controlling for time and attention (N=100). Outcomes were assessed at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. The intervention focused on altering parental responses to pain and on increasing adaptive cognitions and coping strategies related to pain in both parents and children.

RESULTS: Multiple mediation analyses were applied to examine the extent to which the effects of the social learning and CB treatment condition on child gastrointestinal (GI) symptom severity and pain as reported by children and their parents were mediated by changes in targeted cognitive process variables and parents' solicitous responses to their child's pain symptoms. Reductions in parents' perceived threat regarding their child's pain mediated reductions in both parent-reported and child-reported GI symptom severity and pain. Reductions in children's catastrophic cognitions mediated reductions in child-reported GI symptom severity but no other outcomes. Reductions in parental solicitousness did not mediate outcomes.

DISCUSSION: Results suggest that reductions in reports of children's pain and GI symptoms after a social learning and CB intervention were mediated at least in part by decreasing maladaptive parent and child cognitions.

%B Clin J Pain %V 30 %P 1033-43 %8 2014 Dec %G eng %N 12 %R 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000077 %0 Journal Article %J Chem Biol %D 2014 %T Metal-induced isomerization yields an intracellular chelator that disrupts bacterial iron homeostasis. %A Falconer, Shannon B %A Wang, Wenliang %A Gehrke, Sebastian S %A Cuneo, Jessica D %A Britten, James F %A Wright, Gerard D %A Brown, Eric D %K Anti-Bacterial Agents %K Bacterial Proteins %K Benzopyrans %K Crystallography, X-Ray %K Dose-Response Relationship, Drug %K Drug Evaluation, Preclinical %K Escherichia coli %K High-Throughput Screening Assays %K Homeostasis %K Indoles %K Iron %K Iron Chelating Agents %K Organometallic Compounds %K Small Molecule Libraries %K Spiro Compounds %K Stereoisomerism %K Structure-Activity Relationship %K Thiadiazoles %K Transcription Factors %K Transition Elements %X

The dwindling supply of antibiotics that remain effective against drug-resistant bacterial pathogens has precipitated efforts to identify new compounds that inhibit bacterial growth using untapped mechanisms of action. Here, we report both (1) a high-throughput screening methodology designed to discover chemical perturbants of the essential, yet unexploited, process of bacterial iron homeostasis, and (2) our findings from a small-molecule screen of more than 30,000 diverse small molecules that led to the identification and characterization of two spiro-indoline-thiadiazoles that disrupt iron homeostasis in bacteria. We show that these compounds are intracellular chelators with the capacity to exist in two isomeric states. Notably, these spiroheterocyles undergo a transition to an open merocyanine chelating form with antibacterial activity that is specifically induced in the presence of its transition-metal target.

%B Chem Biol %V 21 %P 136-45 %8 2014 Jan 16 %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.11.007 %0 Journal Article %J Youth Soc %D 2014 %T Negative and Positive Factors Associated With the Well-Being of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Questioning (LGBTQ) Youth. %A Higa, Darrel %A Hoppe, Marilyn J %A Lindhorst, Taryn %A Mincer, Shawn %A Beadnell, Blair %A Morrison, Diane M %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Todd, Avry %A Mountz, Sarah %X

Factors associated with the well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth were qualitatively examined to better understand how these factors are experienced from the youths' perspectives. Largely recruited from LGBTQ youth groups, 68 youth participated in focus groups (n = 63) or individual interviews (n = 5). The sample included 50% male, 47% female, and 3% transgender participants. Researchers used a consensual methods approach to identify negative and positive factors across 8 domains. Negative factors were associated with families, schools, religious institutions, and community or neighborhood; positive factors were associated with the youth's own identity development, peer networks, and involvement in the LGBTQ community. These findings suggest a pervasiveness of negative experiences in multiple contexts, and the importance of fostering a positive LGBTQ identity and supportive peer/community networks. Efforts should work towards reducing and eliminating the prejudicial sentiments often present in the institutions and situations that LGBTQ youth encounter.

%B Youth Soc %V 46 %P 663-687 %8 2014 Sep %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1177/0044118X12449630 %0 Journal Article %J Prev Sci %D 2014 %T Prevalence and community variation in harmful levels of family conflict witnessed by children: implications for prevention. %A Habib, Cherine %A Toumbourou, John W %A McRitchie, Martin %A Williams, Joanne %A Kremer, Peter %A McKenzie, Dean %A Catalano, Richard F %K Adolescent %K Australia %K Child %K Depression %K Family Conflict %K Female %K Health Promotion %K Humans %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Prevalence %K Risk Factors %K Surveys and Questionnaires %X

Children's reports of high family conflict consistently predict poor outcomes. The study identified criteria for high family conflict based on prospective prediction of increased risk for childhood depression. These criteria were subsequently used to establish the prevalence of high family conflict in Australian communities and to identify community correlates suitable for targeting prevention programs. Study 1 utilised a longitudinal design. Grade 6 and 8 students completed a family conflict scale (from the widely used Communities That Care survey) in 2003 and depression symptomotology were evaluated at a 1-year follow-up (International Youth Development Study, N = 1,798). Receiver-operating characteristic analysis yielded a cut-off point on a family conflict score with depression symptomatology as a criterion variable. A cut-off score of 2.5 or more (on a scale of 1 to 4) correctly identified 69 % with depression symptomology, with a specificity of 77.2 % and sensitivity at 44.3 %. Study 2 used data from an Australian national survey of Grade 6 and 8 children (Healthy Neighbourhoods Study, N = 8,256). Prevalence estimates were calculated, and multivariate logistic regression with multi-level modelling was used to establish factors associated with community variation in family conflict levels. Thirty-three percent of Australian children in 2006 were exposed to levels of family conflict that are likely to increase their future risk for depression. Significant community correlates for elevated family conflict included Indigenous Australian identification, socioeconomic disadvantage, urban and state location, maternal absence and paternal unemployment. The analysis provides indicators for targeting family-level mental health promotion programs.

%B Prev Sci %V 15 %P 757-66 %8 2014 Oct %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1007/s11121-013-0416-4 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Community Psychol %D 2014 %T Racial/ethnic identity and subjective physical and mental health of Latino Americans: an asset within? %A Ai, Amy L %A Aisenberg, Eugene %A Weiss, Saskia I %A Salazar, Dulny %K Acculturation %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Aged %K Aged, 80 and over %K Female %K Health Status %K Hispanic Americans %K Humans %K Male %K Mental Health %K Middle Aged %K Religion %K Self Concept %K Social Identification %K Social Support %K Young Adult %X

Social Identity Theory indicates that ethnic identity could benefit minority members in a society because of its promotion of a sense of belonging, or of its buffering of the damage of discrimination. Despite growing investigation about Latinos' overall health, few studies have simultaneously examined the influence of multiple cultural strength factors, especially racial/ethnic identity, social support, and religious attendance, on these outcomes. Using the National Latino and Asian American Study, we examine the potential predictive value of these cultural strength factors on Latinos' Self-Rated Mental and Physical Health (SRMH and SRPH). Two separate two-step regression models revealed significant positive effects of racial/ethnic identity on both mental and physical health of Latinos, above and beyond the effect of known demographic and acculturation factors, such as discrimination. Religious attendance had a positive effect on SRMH but not on SRPH. The deteriorating roles of discrimination, in mental health only, and that of Length in the US in both outcomes, however, was primarily not altered by entry of these cultural strength factors. The independent direct effect of racial/ethnic identity among Latinos nationwide may suggest that this cultural strength is an internalized protective asset. Longitudinal data is needed to explore its underlying mechanism and long-term impact.

%B Am J Community Psychol %V 53 %P 173-84 %8 2014 Mar %G eng %N 1-2 %R 10.1007/s10464-014-9635-5 %0 Journal Article %J J Community Psychol %D 2014 %T SAME-SEX PARTNERSHIPS AND THE HEALTH OF OLDER ADULTS. %A Williams, Mark Edward %A Fredriksen-Goldsen, Karen I %X

While extensive research has examined associations between marriage, cohabitation, and the health of heterosexual adults, it remains unclear whether similar patterns of health are associated with same-sex partnerships for lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) older adults. This article examines whether having a same-sex partner is associated with general self-reported health and depressive symptoms for LGB older adults. Based on survey data collected from LGB adults 50 years of age and older, having a same-sex partner was associated with better self-reported health and fewer depressive symptoms when compared with single LGB older adults, controlling for gender, age, education, income, sexuality, and relationship duration. Relationship duration did not significantly impact the association between partnership status and health. In light of recent public debates and changes in policies regarding same-sex partnerships, more socially integrated relationship statuses appear to play a role in better health for LGB older adults.

%B J Community Psychol %V 42 %P 558-570 %8 2014 Jul %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1002/jcop.21637 %0 Journal Article %J Addict Behav %D 2014 %T Situational determinants of use and treatment outcomes in marijuana dependent adults. %A Blevins, Claire E %A Stephens, Robert S %A Walker, Denise D %A Roffman, Roger A %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Adult %K Cognitive Therapy %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Motivation %K Regression Analysis %K Risk Factors %K Self Efficacy %K Treatment Outcome %X

Research and theory strongly support the importance of situational determinants of substance use as targets for intervention, but few studies have systematically examined situational use characteristics in marijuana dependent adults. The present study describes situational use of marijuana in a population of 87 marijuana dependent adults and reports relationships with outcomes of treatment. Use in negative affective situations was independently associated with psychological distress, maladaptive coping strategies, lower self-efficacy, and poorer outcomes post-treatment. The findings were consistent with research on using drugs to cope with negative affect providing evidence of convergence between two different methods of assessing high risk situations for substance use. The results support continued emphasis on coping with negative affect as a target in treatments for marijuana dependence.

%B Addict Behav %V 39 %P 546-52 %8 2014 Mar %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.10.031 %0 Journal Article %J Sleep %D 2013 %T Association between adaptations to ACGME duty hour requirements, length of stay, and costs. %A Rosenbluth, Glenn %A Fiore, Darren M %A Maselli, Judith H %A Vittinghoff, Eric %A Wilson, Stephen D %A Auerbach, Andrew D %K Adolescent %K Child %K Child, Preschool %K Education, Medical, Graduate %K Female %K Hospital Costs %K Hospitals, Pediatric %K Humans %K Infant %K Infant, Newborn %K Internship and Residency %K Length of Stay %K Male %K Patient Readmission %K Pediatrics %K Personnel Staffing and Scheduling %K Retrospective Studies %K Work Schedule Tolerance %X

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adaptations to comply with Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) duty hour requirements are associated with changes in total cost and length of stay.

DESIGN: Retrospective, interrupted time-series cohort study using concurrent control patients.

SETTING: UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA.

PATIENTS: Inpatients newborn to 18 y on the primary pediatrics medical-surgical unit. Medical patients were studied before and after an intervention, and surgical patients served as a concurrent control group.

INTERVENTION: Pediatrics trainees' work schedules were changed from those that relied on prolonged call shifts to those primarily based on shorter day shifts and night shifts.

RESULTS: We detected significant relative reductions in length of stay but not in total cost. When the analysis was limited to the subset of patients who did not receive intensive care unit care, length of stay decreased by 18% and total cost decreased by 10%. We did not detect similar changes in the control group.

CONCLUSIONS: A trainee staffing model that included shorter shifts as consistent with current ACGME duty hour requirements was associated with reduced length of stay and total costs for patients not in the intensive care unit.

%B Sleep %V 36 %P 245-8 %8 2013 Feb %G eng %N 2 %R 10.5665/sleep.2382 %0 Journal Article %J AIDS Educ Prev %D 2013 %T A cautionary tale: risk reduction strategies among urban American Indian/Alaska Native men who have sex with men. %A Pearson, Cynthia R %A Walters, Karina L %A Simoni, Jane M %A Beltran, Ramona %A Nelson, Kimberly M %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Alaska %K Condoms %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice %K HIV Infections %K HIV Seronegativity %K Homosexuality, Male %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Risk Factors %K Risk Reduction Behavior %K Risk-Taking %K Sexual Partners %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Truth Disclosure %K Unsafe Sex %K Urban Population %K Young Adult %X

American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) men who have sex with men (MSM) are considered particularly high risk for HIV transmission and acquisition. In a multi-site cross-sectional survey, 174 AIAN men reported having sex with a man in the past 12 months. We describe harm reduction strategies and sexual behavior by HIV serostatus and seroconcordant partnerships. About half (51.3%) of the respondents reported no anal sex or 100% condom use and 8% were in seroconcordant monogamous partnership. Of the 65 men who reported any sero-adaptive strategy (e.g., 100% seroconcordant partnership, strategic positioning or engaging in any strategy half or most of the time), only 35 (54.7%) disclosed their serostatus to their partners and 27 (41.5%) tested for HIV in the past 3 months. Public health messages directed towards AIAN MSM should continue to encourage risk reduction practices, including condom use and sero-adaptive behaviors. However, messages should emphasize the importance of HIV testing and HIV serostatus disclosure when relying solely on sero-adaptive practices.

%B AIDS Educ Prev %V 25 %P 25-37 %8 2013 Feb %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1521/aeap.2013.25.1.25 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Addict %D 2013 %T Differences between men and women in condom use, attitudes, and skills in substance abuse treatment seekers. %A Calsyn, Donald A %A Peavy, Michelle %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Campbell, Aimee N C %A Hatch-Maillette, Mary A %A Greenfield, Shelly F %A Tross, Susan %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Condoms %K Female %K Health Behavior %K Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice %K Humans %K Male %K Sex Characteristics %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Unsafe Sex %X

BACKGROUND: For substance abuse treatment-seekers engaging in high risk sexual behavior, their inconsistent condom use may be related to their condom use attitudes and skills.

OBJECTIVE: This study compared treatment-seeking male and female substance abusers in their reported barriers to condom use and condom use skills.

METHODS: Men and women (N = 1,105) enrolled in two multi-site HIV risk reduction studies were administered the Condom Barriers Scale, Condom Use Skills, and an audio computer-assisted structured interview assessing sexual risk behavior.

RESULTS: Men endorsed more barriers to condom use, especially on the Effects on Sexual Experience factor. For both men and women, stronger endorsement of barriers to condom use was associated with less use of condoms. However, the difference between condom users and non-users in endorsement of condom barriers in general is greater for men than women, especially for those who report having casual partners.

CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the need to focus on gender-specific barriers to condom use in HIV/STI prevention interventions, especially risk behavior intervention techniques that address sexual experience with condoms.

SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Results provide additional information about the treatment and prevention needs of treatment-seeking men and women.

%B Am J Addict %V 22 %P 150-7 %8 2013 Mar-Apr %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2013.00312.x %0 Journal Article %J J Palliat Med %D 2013 %T Examining palliative care team involvement in automatic consultations for children on extracorporeal life support in the pediatric intensive care unit. %A Doorenbos, Ardith Z %A Starks, Helene %A Bourget, Erica %A McMullan, D Michael %A Lewis-Newby, Mithya %A Rue, Tessa C %A Lindhorst, Taryn %A Aisenberg, Eugene %A Oman, Natalie %A Curtis, J Randall %A Hays, Ross %A Clark, Jonna D %A Baden, Harris P %A Brogan, Thomas V %A Di Gennaro, Jane L %A Mazor, Robert %A Roberts, Joan S %A Turnbull, Jessica %A Wilfond, Benjamin S %K Child %K Child, Preschool %K Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation %K Female %K Humans %K Infant %K Infant, Newborn %K Intensive Care Units, Pediatric %K Male %K Palliative Care %K Patient Care Team %K Prognosis %K Retrospective Studies %X

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is an advanced form of life-sustaining therapy that creates stressful dilemmas for families. In May 2009, Seattle Children's Hospital (SCH) implemented a policy to involve the Pediatric Advanced Care Team (PACT) in all ECLS cases through automatic referral.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to describe PACT involvement in the context of automatic consultations for ECLS patients and their family members.

METHODS: We retrospectively examined chart notes for 59 consecutive cases and used content analysis to identify themes and patterns.

RESULTS: The degree of PACT involvement was related to three domains: prognostic uncertainty, medical complexity, and need for coordination of care with other services. Low PACT involvement was associated with cases with little prognostic uncertainty, little medical complexity, and minimal need for coordination of care. Medium PACT involvement was associated with two categories of cases: 1) those with a degree of medical complexity but little prognostic uncertainty; and 2) those that had a degree of prognostic uncertainty but little medical complexity. High PACT involvement had the greatest medical complexity and prognostic uncertainty, and also had those cases with a high need for coordination of care.

CONCLUSIONS: We describe a framework for understanding the potential involvement of palliative care among patients receiving ECLS that explains how PACT organizes its efforts toward patients and families with the highest degree of need. Future studies should examine whether this approach is associated with improved patient and family outcomes.

%B J Palliat Med %V 16 %P 492-5 %8 2013 May %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1089/jpm.2012.0536 %0 Journal Article %J Child Welfare %D 2013 %T Extent and nature of child maltreatment-related fatalities: implications for policy and practice. %A Sheldon-Sherman, Jennifer %A Wilson, Dee %A Smith, Susan %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Caregivers %K Child %K Child Abuse %K Child Welfare %K Child, Preschool %K Female %K Humans %K Infant %K Infant, Newborn %K Male %K Parent-Child Relations %K Risk Factors %K Social Work %K United States %K Young Adult %X

This article reviews significant research findings regarding child maltreatment fatalities over the last thirty years. Notably, the article focuses on several important subsets of children who die from maltreatment, including young children, children reported to child protective services, and children who live in families with poor parental attachment, mental illness, substance abuse, and domestic violence. The article then sets forth three proposals for broadening the United States' approach to child protection and reducing child maltreatment fatalities.

%B Child Welfare %V 92 %P 41-58 %8 2013 %G eng %N 2 %0 Journal Article %J J Behav Health Serv Res %D 2013 %T Health risks, race, and adolescents' use of school-based health centers: policy and service recommendations. %A Anyon, Yolanda %A Moore, Megan %A Horevitz, Elizabeth %A Whitaker, Kelly %A Stone, Susan %A Shields, John P %K Adolescent %K Asthma %K Depressive Disorder %K Ethnic Groups %K Female %K Health Policy %K Health Services Accessibility %K Health Services Needs and Demand %K Health Status Indicators %K Humans %K Male %K Mental Health Services %K Risk-Taking %K School Health Services %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Suicidal Ideation %K United States %B J Behav Health Serv Res %V 40 %P 457-68 %8 2013 Oct %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1007/s11414-013-9356-9 %0 Journal Article %J Field methods %D 2013 %T Implementing Self-collection of Biological Specimens With a Diverse Sample. %A Fernandes, April %A Skinner, Martie L %A Woelfel, Tiffany %A Carpenter, Thomas %A Haggerty, Kevin P %X

Collecting saliva is the most noninvasive way to detect changing levels of cortisol (Adam & Kumari, 2009; Soo-Quee Koh & Choon-Huat Koh, 2007), a stress hormone of interest to behavioral and health scientists, where there are benefits from multiple samples taken over a period of days. Various self-collection strategies have been employed, ranging from treated cards to cotton swabs and passive drool methods. The current study investigates the effectiveness of a variety of reminder techniques in encouraging adherence with procedures requiring 4 samples per day on 3 separate days of passive drool collection among African American and European American young adults. The findings suggest that direct texts were associated with the greatest level of adherence, while phone reminders were most effective when controlling for total number of contacts. Results indicate that both traditional and novel reminder methods can positively influence adherence, even with challenging populations.

%B Field methods %V 25 %8 2013 Feb 1 %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1177/1525822X12453526 %0 Journal Article %J Implement Sci %D 2013 %T Improving practice in community-based settings: a randomized trial of supervision - study protocol. %A Dorsey, Shannon %A Pullmann, Michael D %A Deblinger, Esther %A Berliner, Lucy %A Kerns, Suzanne E %A Thompson, Kelly %A Unützer, Jürgen %A Weisz, John R %A Garland, Ann F %K Adolescent %K Child %K Cognitive Therapy %K Community Mental Health Centers %K Community Mental Health Services %K Evidence-Based Medicine %K Humans %K Interprofessional Relations %K Mental Disorders %K Treatment Outcome %K Washington %X

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based treatments for child mental health problems are not consistently available in public mental health settings. Expanding availability requires workforce training. However, research has demonstrated that training alone is not sufficient for changing provider behavior, suggesting that ongoing intervention-specific supervision or consultation is required. Supervision is notably under-investigated, particularly as provided in public mental health. The degree to which supervision in this setting includes 'gold standard' supervision elements from efficacy trials (e.g., session review, model fidelity, outcome monitoring, skill-building) is unknown. The current federally-funded investigation leverages the Washington State Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Initiative to describe usual supervision practices and test the impact of systematic implementation of gold standard supervision strategies on treatment fidelity and clinical outcomes.

METHODS/DESIGN: The study has two phases. We will conduct an initial descriptive study (Phase I) of supervision practices within public mental health in Washington State followed by a randomized controlled trial of gold standard supervision strategies (Phase II), with randomization at the clinician level (i.e., supervisors provide both conditions). Study participants will be 35 supervisors and 130 clinicians in community mental health centers. We will enroll one child per clinician in Phase I (N = 130) and three children per clinician in Phase II (N = 390). We use a multi-level mixed within- and between-subjects longitudinal design. Audio recordings of supervision and therapy sessions will be collected and coded throughout both phases. Child outcome data will be collected at the beginning of treatment and at three and six months into treatment.

DISCUSSION: This study will provide insight into how supervisors can optimally support clinicians delivering evidence-based treatments. Phase I will provide descriptive information, currently unavailable in the literature, about commonly used supervision strategies in community mental health. The Phase II randomized controlled trial of gold standard supervision strategies is, to our knowledge, the first experimental study of gold standard supervision strategies in community mental health and will yield needed information about how to leverage supervision to improve clinician fidelity and client outcomes.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01800266.

%B Implement Sci %V 8 %P 89 %8 2013 %G eng %R 10.1186/1748-5908-8-89 %0 Journal Article %J J Consult Clin Psychol %D 2013 %T Indicated prevention for college student marijuana use: a randomized controlled trial. %A Lee, Christine M %A Kilmer, Jason R %A Neighbors, Clayton %A Atkins, David C %A Zheng, Cheng %A Walker, Denise D %A Larimer, Mary E %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Feedback, Psychological %K Female %K Follow-Up Studies %K Humans %K Male %K Marijuana Smoking %K Motivation %K Psychotherapy, Brief %K Students %K Treatment Outcome %K Universities %K Young Adult %X

OBJECTIVE: Marijuana is the most frequently reported illicit substance used on college campuses. Despite the prevalence, few published intervention studies have focused specifically on addressing high-risk marijuana use on college campuses. The present study evaluated the efficacy of an in-person brief motivational enhancement intervention for reducing marijuana use and related consequences among frequently using college students.

METHOD: Participants included 212 college students from 2 campuses who reported frequent marijuana use (i.e., using marijuana at least 5 times in the past month). Participants completed Web-based screening and baseline assessments and upon completion of the baseline survey were randomized to either an in-person brief intervention or an assessment control group. Follow-up assessments were completed approximately 3 and 6 months post-baseline. Marijuana use was measured by number of days used in the past 30 days, typical number of joints used in a typical week in the last 60 days, and marijuana-related consequences.

RESULTS: Results indicated significant intervention effects on number of joints smoked in a typical week and a trend toward fewer marijuana-related consequences compared with the control group at 3-month follow-up.

CONCLUSION: This study provides preliminary data on short-term effects of a focused marijuana intervention for college students at reducing marijuana use during the academic quarter.

%B J Consult Clin Psychol %V 81 %P 702-9 %8 2013 Aug %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1037/a0033285 %0 Journal Article %J J Adolesc %D 2013 %T Multidimensional characterization of sexual minority adolescents' sexual safety strategies. %A Masters, N Tatiana %A Beadnell, Blair %A Morrison, Diane M %A Hoppe, Marilyn J %A Wells, Elizabeth A %K Adolescent %K Bisexuality %K Female %K Homosexuality, Female %K Homosexuality, Male %K Humans %K Male %K Minority Groups %K Safe Sex %K Sexual Behavior %K Sexually Transmitted Diseases %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Transgender Persons %X

Young adults have high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Sexual minority youths' risk for STIs, including HIV, is as high as or higher than sexual majority peers'. Sexual safety, while often treated as a single behavior such as condom use, can be best conceptualized as the result of multiple factors. We used latent class analysis to identify profiles based on ever-used sexual safety strategies and lifetime number of partners among 425 self-identified LGBTQ youth aged 14-19. Data collection took place anonymously online. We identified four specific subgroup profiles for males and three for females, with each subgroup representing a different level and type of sexual safety. Profiles differed from each other in terms of age and outness for males, and in outness, personal homonegativity, and amount of education received about sexual/romantic relationships for females. Youths' sexual safety profiles have practice implications for sexuality educators, health care professionals, and parents.

%B J Adolesc %V 36 %P 953-61 %8 2013 Oct %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.07.008 %0 Journal Article %J Subst Use Misuse %D 2013 %T Reaching soldiers with untreated substance use disorder: lessons learned in the development of a marketing campaign for the Warrior Check-Up study. %A Walton, Thomas O %A Walker, Denise D %A Kaysen, Debra L %A Roffman, Roger A %A Mbilinyi, Lyungai %A Neighbors, Clayton %K Adult %K Community-Institutional Relations %K Female %K Focus Groups %K Humans %K Interviews as Topic %K Male %K Marketing %K Mental Disorders %K Middle Aged %K Military Personnel %K Patient Acceptance of Health Care %K Program Development %K Program Evaluation %K Substance-Related Disorders %K United States %K United States Department of Defense %X

The Warrior Check-Up, a confidential telephone-delivered intervention, is designed to reach active-duty soldiers with untreated substance-use disorder at a large U.S. military base. This paper describes the development and successful implementation of the study's marketing strategies at the recruitment period's midpoint (2010-2012). Qualitative analyses of focus groups (n = 26) and survey responses (n = 278) describe the process of campaign design. Measures of demographics, media exposure, post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression gathered from callers (n = 172) are used in quantitative analysis assessing the campaign's success in reaching this population. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed. Department of Defense provided study funding.

%B Subst Use Misuse %V 48 %P 908-21 %8 2013 Jul %G eng %N 10 %R 10.3109/10826084.2013.797996 %0 Journal Article %J Subst Use Misuse %D 2013 %T The role of gender in the association between child maltreatment and substance use behavior: a systematic review of longitudinal research from 1995 to 2011. %A Kristman-Valente, Allison %A Wells, Elizabeth A %K Adult Survivors of Child Abuse %K Child %K Child Abuse %K Humans %K Longitudinal Studies %K Sex Characteristics %K Sex Factors %K Substance-Related Disorders %X

This systematic review analyzes the role of gender in the association between childhood maltreatment and substance use outcomes, among longitudinal papers published between 1995 and 2011. Ten papers examined gender as a moderating variable. Results on gender differences were mixed. When studies that found no gender effects were compared with studies that did identify gender effects, differences in measurement, sample composition, and developmental timing of outcomes were identified. This review also examines how gender effects are assessed. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed. Areas for future research are identified.

%B Subst Use Misuse %V 48 %P 645-60 %8 2013 Jun %G eng %N 8 %R 10.3109/10826084.2013.800115 %0 Journal Article %J J Appl Soc Psychol %D 2013 %T A Self-Determination Model of Childhood Exposure, Perceived Prevalence, Justification, and Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence. %A Neighbors, Clayton %A Walker, Denise D %A Mbilinyi, Lyungai F %A Zegree, Joan %A Foster, Dawn W %A Roffman, Roger A %X

The present research was designed to evaluate self-determination theory as a framework for integrating factors associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. The proposed model suggests that childhood exposure to parental violence may influence global motivational orientations which, in turn result in greater cognitive biases (overestimating the prevalence of IPV and justification of IPV) which, in turn, contribute to an individual's decision to use abusive behavior. Participants included 124 men who had engaged in abusive behavior toward an intimate partner. Results provided reasonable support for the proposed model and stronger support for a revised model suggesting that controlled orientation, rather than autonomy orientation, appears to play a stronger role in the association between childhood exposure to parental violence and cognitive biases associated with abusive behavior.

%B J Appl Soc Psychol %V 43 %P 338-349 %8 2013 Feb 1 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.01003.x %0 Journal Article %J J Sex Res %D 2013 %T Sexual scripts among young heterosexually active men and women: continuity and change. %A Masters, N Tatiana %A Casey, Erin %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Morrison, Diane M %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Female %K Heterosexuality %K Humans %K Interpersonal Relations %K Male %K Sexual Behavior %K Young Adult %X

Whereas gendered sexual scripts are hegemonic at the cultural level, research suggests they may be less so at dyadic and individual levels. Understanding "disjunctures" between sexual scripts at different levels holds promise for illuminating mechanisms through which sexual scripts can change. Through interviews with 44 heterosexually active men and women aged 18 to 25, the ways young people grappled with culture-level scripts for sexuality and relationships were delineated. Findings suggest that, although most participants' culture-level gender scripts for behavior in sexual relationships were congruent with descriptions of traditional masculine and feminine sexuality, there was heterogeneity in how or whether these scripts were incorporated into individual relationships. Specifically, three styles of working with sexual scripts were found: conforming, in which personal gender scripts for sexual behavior overlapped with traditional scripts; exception-finding, in which interviewees accepted culture-level gender scripts as a reality, but created exceptions to gender rules for themselves; and transforming, in which participants either attempted to remake culture-level gender scripts or interpreted their own nontraditional styles as equally normative. Changing sexual scripts can potentially contribute to decreased gender inequity in the sexual realm and to increased opportunities for sexual satisfaction, safety, and well-being, particularly for women, but for men as well.

%B J Sex Res %V 50 %P 409-20 %8 2013 %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1080/00224499.2012.661102 %0 Journal Article %J J Stud Alcohol Drugs %D 2013 %T Social identity as a moderator of the association between perceived norms and marijuana use. %A Neighbors, Clayton %A Foster, Dawn W %A Walker, Denise D %A Kilmer, Jason R %A Lee, Christine M %K Adult %K Data Collection %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Marijuana Smoking %K Peer Group %K Risk Factors %K Social Identification %K Students %X

OBJECTIVE: This study extends previous examinations of social influences and marijuana use in considering how heavy marijuana users view themselves relative to their peers. We were specifically interested in evaluating whether (a) heavy-using marijuana users would identify more strongly with other users than with typical students, (b) identification with other marijuana users would be more strongly associated with own use, and (c) the association between perceived norms and marijuana use would be moderated by identification with peers.

METHOD: Participants were 107 heavy (five or more times per month) marijuana users who completed an online survey assessing perceived norms for marijuana use, identification with typical students and other marijuana-using students, and marijuana use (frequency of use, joints per week, and hours high).

RESULTS: Participants unexpectedly identified more strongly with typical students rather than with other marijuana-using students. Identification with other marijuana users was, however, associated with more use. In addition, perceived norms were associated with more use but primarily among those who identified more with other users but not with typical students.

CONCLUSIONS: Heavy marijuana users may be reluctant to identify themselves as users and may prefer to think of themselves as typical students. This may provide clinical opportunities to highlight discrepancies. In addition, identification with other users and lack of identification with typical students may be risk factors for heavier use and good indicators of candidacy for norms-based interventions. In sum, the present findings extend our understanding of the influence of social identity among young adult marijuana users and suggest novel directions for intervention strategies.

%B J Stud Alcohol Drugs %V 74 %P 479-83 %8 2013 May %G eng %N 3 %0 Journal Article %J Soc Work Public Health %D 2013 %T Social workers and delivery of evidence-based psychosocial treatments for substance use disorders. %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Kristman-Valente, Allison N %A Peavy, K Michelle %A Jackson, T Ron %K Behavior Therapy %K Cognitive Therapy %K Evidence-Based Practice %K Family Therapy %K Humans %K Psychology %K Psychotherapy %K Secondary Prevention %K Social Work %K Substance Abuse Treatment Centers %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Therapeutic Community %X

Social workers encounter individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) in a variety of settings. With changes in health care policy and a movement toward integration of health and behavioral health services, social workers will play an increased role vis-á-vis SUD. As direct service providers, administrators, care managers, and policy makers, they will select, deliver, or advocate for delivery of evidence-based SUD treatment practices. This article provides an overview of effective psychosocial SUD treatment approaches. In addition to describing the treatments, the article discusses empirical support, populations for whom the treatments are known to be efficacious, and implementation issues.

%B Soc Work Public Health %V 28 %P 279-301 %8 2013 %G eng %N 3-4 %R 10.1080/19371918.2013.759033 %0 Journal Article %J JAMA Pediatr %D 2013 %T Twelve-month follow-up of cognitive behavioral therapy for children with functional abdominal pain. %A Levy, Rona L %A Langer, Shelby L %A Walker, Lynn S %A Romano, Joan M %A Christie, Dennis L %A Youssef, Nader %A DuPen, Melissa M %A Ballard, Sheri A %A Labus, Jennifer %A Welsh, Ericka %A Feld, Lauren D %A Whitehead, William E %K Abdominal Pain %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Child %K Cognitive Therapy %K Female %K Follow-Up Studies %K Gastrointestinal Diseases %K Humans %K Illness Behavior %K Linear Models %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Pain Measurement %K Parent-Child Relations %K Prospective Studies %K Treatment Outcome %X

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a brief intervention for children with functional abdominal pain and their parents' responses to their child's pain resulted in improved coping 12 months later.

DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, longitudinal study.

SETTING: Families were recruited during a 4-year period in Seattle, Washington, and Morristown, New Jersey.

PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred children with persistent functional abdominal pain and their parents.

INTERVENTIONS: A 3-session social learning and cognitive behavioral therapy intervention or an education and support intervention.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Child symptoms and pain-coping responses were monitored using standard instruments, as was parental response to child pain behavior. Data were collected at baseline and after treatment (1 week and 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment). This article reports the 12-month data.

RESULTS: Relative to children in the education and support group, children in the social learning and cognitive behavioral therapy group reported greater baseline to 12-month follow-up decreases in gastrointestinal symptom severity (estimated mean difference, -0.36; 95% CI, -0.63 to -0.01) and greater improvements in pain-coping responses (estimated mean difference, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.26 to 1.02). Relative to parents in the education and support group, parents in the social learning and cognitive behavioral therapy group reported greater baseline to 12-month decreases in solicitous responses to their child's symptoms (estimated mean difference, -0.22; 95% CI, -0.42 to -0.03) and greater decreases in maladaptive beliefs regarding their child's pain (estimated mean difference, -0.36; 95% CI, -0.59 to -0.13).

CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest long-term efficacy of a brief intervention to reduce parental solicitousness and increase coping skills. This strategy may be a viable alternative for children with functional abdominal pain.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00494260.

%B JAMA Pediatr %V 167 %P 178-84 %8 2013 Feb %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1001/2013.jamapediatrics.282 %0 Journal Article %J Field methods %D 2013 %T Use of Web and Phone Survey Modes to Gather Data From Adults About Their Young Adult Children: An Evaluation Based on a Randomized Design. %A Fleming, Charles B %A Marchesini, Gina %A Elgin, Jenna %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A Woodward, Danielle %A Abbott, Robert D %A Catalano, Richard F %X

Mode effects on responses to survey items may introduce bias to data collected using multiple modes of administration. The present study examines data from 704 surveys conducted as part of a longitudinal study in which parents and their children had been surveyed at multiple prior time points. Parents of 22-year-old study participants were randomly assigned to one of two mixed-mode conditions: (a) Web mode first followed by the offer of an interviewer-administered telephone mode; or (b) telephone mode first followed by the offer of the Web mode. Comparison of responses by assigned condition on 12 measures showed one statistically significant difference. Analyses that modeled differences by completed mode and the interaction between assigned condition and completed mode found significant differences on six measures related to completed mode. None of the differences indicated that more socially desirable responses were given in interviewer-administered surveys.

%B Field methods %V 25 %P 388-404 %8 2013 Nov 1 %G ENG %N 4 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24733977?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1177/1525822X12466888 %0 Journal Article %J Stat Med %D 2013 %T Using group-based latent class transition models to analyze chronic disability data from the National Long-Term Care Survey 1984-2004. %A White, Toby A %A Erosheva, Elena A %K Activities of Daily Living %K Aged %K Aged, 80 and over %K Disabled Persons %K Humans %K Models, Statistical %K Prevalence %K United States %X

Latent class transition models track how individuals move among latent classes through time, traditionally assuming a complete set of observations for each individual. In this paper, we develop group-based latent class transition models that allow for staggered entry and exit, common in surveys with rolling enrollment designs. Such models are conceptually similar to, but structurally distinct from, pattern mixture models of the missing data literature. We employ group-based latent class transition modeling to conduct an in-depth data analysis of recent trends in chronic disability among the U.S. elderly population. Using activities of daily living data from the National Long-Term Care Survey (NLTCS), 1982-2004, we estimate model parameters using the expectation-maximization algorithm, implemented in SAS PROC IML. Our findings indicate that declines in chronic disability prevalence, observed in the 1980s and 1990s, did not continue in the early 2000s as previous NLTCS cross-sectional analyses have indicated.

%B Stat Med %V 32 %P 3569-89 %8 2013 Sep 10 %G eng %N 20 %R 10.1002/sim.5782 %0 Journal Article %J J Rural Health %D 2012 %T Alcohol consumption among urban, suburban, and rural Veterans Affairs outpatients. %A Williams, Emily C %A McFarland, Lynne V %A Nelson, Karin M %K Aged %K Alcohol Drinking %K Data Collection %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Outpatients %K Prevalence %K Rural Population %K Suburban Population %K United States %K United States Department of Veterans Affairs %K Urban Population %K Veterans %X

PURPOSE: United States rural residents tend toward poorer health than urban residents. Although alcohol use is associated with multiple medical conditions and can be reduced via brief primary care-based interventions, it is unknown whether alcohol consumption differs by rurality among primary care patients. We sought to describe alcohol consumption among urban, suburban, and rural Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatients.

METHODS: Outpatients from 7 VA facilities responded to mailed surveys that included the validated Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C) screening questionnaire. The ZIP code approximation of the US Department of Agriculture's rural-urban commuting area (RUCA) codes classified participants into urban, suburban, and rural areas. For each area, adjusted logistic regression models estimated the prevalence of past-year abstinence among all participants and unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT-C ≥ 3 for women and ≥ 4 for men) among drinkers.

FINDINGS: Among 33,883 outpatients, 14,967 (44%) reported abstinence. Among 18,916 drinkers, 8,524 (45%) screened positive for unhealthy alcohol use. The adjusted prevalence of abstinence was lowest in urban residents (43%, 95% CI 42%-43%) with significantly higher rates in both suburban and rural residents [45% (44%-46%) and 46% (45%-47%), respectively]. No significant differences were observed in the adjusted prevalence of unhealthy alcohol use among drinkers.

CONCLUSIONS: Abstinence is slightly more common among rural and suburban than urban VA outpatients, but unhealthy alcohol use does not vary by rurality. As the VA and other health systems implement evidence-based care for unhealthy alcohol use, more research is needed to identify whether preventive strategies targeted to high-risk areas are needed.

%B J Rural Health %V 28 %P 202-10 %8 2012 Spring %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2011.00389.x %0 Journal Article %J Addiction %D 2012 %T Brief motivational feedback and cognitive behavioral interventions for prevention of disordered gambling: a randomized clinical trial. %A Larimer, Mary E %A Neighbors, Clayton %A Lostutter, Ty W %A Whiteside, Ursula %A Cronce, Jessica M %A Kaysen, Debra %A Walker, Denise D %K Adult %K Biofeedback, Psychology %K Cognitive Therapy %K Cost of Illness %K Female %K Gambling %K Humans %K Internal-External Control %K Male %K Patient Compliance %K Treatment Outcome %K Young Adult %X

AIMS: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate feasibility and efficacy of two promising approaches to indicated prevention of disordered gambling in a college population.

DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial with assignment to a personalized feedback intervention (PFI), cognitive-behavioral intervention (CBI) or assessment-only control (AOC). PFI was delivered individually in a single session and included feedback regarding gambling behavior, norms, consequences and risk-reduction tips, delivered in a motivational interviewing style. CBI was delivered in small groups over four to six sessions and included functional analysis and brief cognitive correction, as well as identification of and alternatives for responding to gambling triggers.

SETTING: College campus.

PARTICIPANTS: At-risk or probable pathological gamblers (n = 147; 65.3% male; group assignment: PFI, n = 52; CBI, n = 44; AOC, n = 51).

MEASUREMENTS: Self-reported gambling quantity, frequency, consequences, psychopathology, normative perceptions and beliefs.

FINDINGS: Relative to control, results at 6-month follow-up indicated reductions in both interventions for gambling consequences (PFI d = 0.48; CBI d = 0.39) and DSM-IV criteria (PFI d = 0.60; CBI d = 0.48), reductions in frequency for PFI (d = 0.48). CBI was associated with reduced illusions of control, whereas PFI was associated with reduced perceptions of gambling frequency norms. Reductions in perceived gambling frequency norms mediated effects of PFI on gambling frequency.

CONCLUSIONS: A single-session personalized feedback intervention and a multi-session cognitive-behavioral intervention may be helpful in reducing disordered gambling in US college students.

%B Addiction %V 107 %P 1148-58 %8 2012 Jun %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03776.x %0 Journal Article %J Social Service Review %D 2012 %T Child Protection Systems: International Trends and Orientations. %A Whittaker, James K. %K Child protection services %K Child Protection Systems: International Trends & Orientations (Book) %K Gilbert, Neil %K Nonfiction %X

The article reviews the book "Child Protection Systems: International Trends and Orientations," by Neil Gilbert.

%B Social Service Review %8 2012/06/ %G eng %0 Journal Article %J J Prim Prev %D 2012 %T Community-responsive interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk in American Indians. %A Jobe, Jared B %A Adams, Alexandra K %A Henderson, Jeffrey A %A Karanja, Njeri %A Lee, Elisa T %A Walters, Karina L %K Adult %K Cardiovascular Diseases %K Child %K Child, Preschool %K Consumer Participation %K Diabetes Complications %K Diabetes Mellitus %K Female %K Health Behavior %K Health Promotion %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Infant %K Male %K Obesity %K Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic %K Risk Factors %K Smoking %K United States %X

American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations bear a heavy burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and they have the highest rates of risk factors for CVD, such as cigarette smoking, obesity, and diabetes, of any U.S. population group. Yet, few randomized controlled trials have been launched to test potential preventive interventions in Indian Country. Five randomized controlled trials were initiated recently in AI/AN communities to test the effectiveness of interventions targeting adults and/or children to promote healthy behaviors that are known to impact biological CVD risk factors. This article provides a context for and an overview of these five trials. The high burden of CVD among AI/AN populations will worsen unless behaviors and lifestyles affecting CVD risk can be modified. These five trials, if successful, represent a starting point in addressing these significant health disparities.

%B J Prim Prev %V 33 %P 153-9 %8 2012 Aug %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1007/s10935-012-0277-9 %0 Journal Article %J Child Maltreat %D 2012 %T Disseminating child maltreatment interventions: research on implementing evidence-based programs. %A Self-Brown, Shannon %A Whitaker, Daniel %A Berliner, Lucy %A Kolko, David %K Behavioral Research %K Child %K Child Abuse %K Evidence-Based Medicine %K Family %K Humans %K Program Development %B Child Maltreat %V 17 %P 5-10 %8 2012 Feb %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1177/1077559511436211 %0 Journal Article %J J Drug Issues %D 2012 %T Educational Paths and Substance Use from Adolescence into Early Adulthood. %A Fleming, Charles B %A White, Helene R %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A Abbott, Robert D %A Catalano, Richard F %X

This study examined how substance use trajectories from ages 15 to 23 in a community sample (N=921) were related to educational pathways. Rates of heavy drinking converged across different paths, but starting college at a 2-year college before transferring to a 4-year college was related to later increase in drinking after high school. Higher future educational attainment was negatively associated with high school marijuana use, but marijuana use increased after high school for individuals who went to 4-year colleges compared to those who did not. Noncollege youth had the highest rates of daily cigarette smoking throughout adolescence and early adulthood, while college dropouts had higher rates of smoking than college students who did not drop out. The findings support the need for universal prevention for early adult heavy drinking, addressing increases in drinking and marijuana use in 4-year colleges, and targeting marijuana use and cigarette smoking interventions at noncollege youth and college dropouts.

%B J Drug Issues %V 42 %8 2012 Apr 1 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1177/0022042612446590 %0 Journal Article %J Prog Community Health Partnersh %D 2012 %T Evaluating community-based participatory research to improve community-partnered science and community health. %A Hicks, Sarah %A Duran, Bonnie %A Wallerstein, Nina %A Avila, Magdalena %A Belone, Lorenda %A Lucero, Julie %A Magarati, Maya %A Mainer, Elana %A Martin, Diane %A Muhammad, Michael %A Oetzel, John %A Pearson, Cynthia %A Sahota, Puneet %A Simonds, Vanessa %A Sussman, Andrew %A Tafoya, Greg %A Hat, Emily White %K Community-Based Participatory Research %K Community-Institutional Relations %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K National Institutes of Health (U.S.) %K Public Health %K Research %K Trust %K United States %K Universities %X

BACKGROUND: Since 2007, the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) Policy Research Center (PRC) has partnered with the Universities of New Mexico and Washington to study the science of community-based participatory research (CBPR). Our goal is to identify facilitators and barriers to effective community-academic partnerships in American Indian and other communities, which face health disparities.

OBJECTIVES: We have described herein the scientific design of our National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded study (2009-2013) and lessons learned by having a strong community partner leading the research efforts.

METHODS: The research team is implementing a mixed-methods study involving a survey of principal investigators (PIs) and partners across the nation and in-depth case studies of CBPR projects.

RESULTS: We present preliminary findings on methods and measures for community-engaged research and eight lessons learned thus far regarding partnership evaluation, advisory councils, historical trust, research capacity development of community partner, advocacy, honoring each other, messaging, and funding.

CONCLUSIONS: Study methodologies and lessons learned can help community-academic research partnerships translate research in communities.

%B Prog Community Health Partnersh %V 6 %P 289-99 %8 2012 Fall %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1353/cpr.2012.0049 %0 Journal Article %J Child Welfare %D 2012 %T Family Group Decision Making (FGDM) with Lakota families in two tribal communities: tools to facilitate FGDM implementation and evaluation. %A Marcynyszyn, Lyscha A %A Bear, Pete Small %A Geary, Erin %A Conti, Russ %A Pecora, Peter J %A Day, Priscilla A %A Wilson, Stephen T %K Child %K Child Welfare %K Community-Institutional Relations %K Culture %K Decision Making %K Family %K Female %K Follow-Up Studies %K Grief %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Intergenerational Relations %K Male %K Models, Organizational %K Personal Satisfaction %K Program Evaluation %K Social Work %K South Dakota %K Stress, Psychological %X

This article describes an adapted Family Group Decision Making (FGDM) practice model for Native American communities, the FGDM family and community engagement process, and FGDM evaluation tools as one example for other native communities. Challenges and successes associated with the implementation and evaluation of these meetings are also described in the context of key historical and cultural factors, such as intergenerational grief and trauma, as well as past misuse of data in native communities.

%B Child Welfare %V 91 %P 113-34 %8 2012 %G eng %N 3 %0 Journal Article %J Nurs Inq %D 2012 %T Finding middle ground: negotiating university and tribal community interests in community-based participatory research. %A Mohammed, Selina A %A Walters, Karina L %A LaMarr, June %A Evans-Campbell, Teresa %A Fryberg, Sheryl %K Clinical Protocols %K Community Health Services %K Community-Based Participatory Research %K Cooperative Behavior %K Focus Groups %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Negotiating %K Northwestern United States %K Qualitative Research %K United States %K Universities %X

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been hailed as an alternative approach to one-sided research endeavors that have traditionally been conducted on communities as opposed to with them. Although CBPR engenders numerous relationship strengths, through its emphasis on co-sharing, mutual benefit, and community capacity building, it is often challenging as well. In this article, we describe some of the challenges of implementing CBPR in a research project designed to prevent cardiovascular disease among an indigenous community in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and how we addressed them. Specifically, we highlight the process of collaboratively constructing a Research Protocol/Data Sharing Agreement and qualitative interview guide that addressed the concerns of both university and tribal community constituents. Establishing these two items was a process of negotiation that required: (i) balancing of individual, occupational, research, and community interests; (ii) definition of terminology (e.g., ownership of data); and (iii) extensive consideration of how to best protect research participants. Finding middle ground in CBPR requires research partners to examine and articulate their own assumptions and expectations, and nurture a relationship based on compromise to effectively meet the needs of each group.

%B Nurs Inq %V 19 %P 116-27 %8 2012 Jun %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1111/j.1440-1800.2011.00557.x %0 Journal Article %J J Altern Complement Med %D 2012 %T Implementation and acceptability of Mindful Awareness in Body-oriented Therapy in women's substance use disorder treatment. %A Price, Cynthia J %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Donovan, Dennis M %A Brooks, Marissa %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Adult %K Attitude of Health Personnel %K Awareness %K Emotions %K Female %K Health Care Surveys %K Hospitalization %K Humans %K Middle Aged %K Mind-Body Therapies %K Patient Acceptance of Health Care %K Patient Dropouts %K Patient Satisfaction %K Patient Selection %K Stress, Psychological %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Young Adult %X

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the implementation and acceptability of Mindful Awareness in Body-oriented Therapy (MABT), a novel adjunctive approach to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. The primary aims of the study were to examine implementation of MABT as an adjunct to addiction treatment, and MABT acceptability to study participants and treatment staff.

METHODS: MABT was delivered to participants randomly assigned to the intervention in a larger ongoing trial. This study focuses only on the implementation and acceptability of the intervention, as outcomes are not yet available. MABT was delivered once weekly for 8 weeks (1.5-hour sessions) and spanned inpatient and outpatient programs at a women-only treatment facility. Descriptive statistics were used to examine participant recruitment and retention to the intervention. To measure MABT acceptability, survey and written questionnaires were administered; analysis involved descriptive statistics and content analysis using Atlas.ti software.

RESULTS: Thirty-one (31) of the women enrolled in the study were randomized to MABT. Eighteen (18) participants completed 75%-100% of the MABT sessions. Intervention implementation required flexibility on the part of both the researchers and the clinic staff, and minor changes were made to successfully implement MABT as an adjunct to usual care. MABT was perceived to increase emotional awareness and provide new tools to cope with stress, and to positively influence SUD treatment by facilitating emotion regulation.

CONCLUSIONS: It was feasible to implement MABT and to recruit and retain women to MABT in women's chemical-dependency treatment. MABT acceptability and perceived benefit was high.

%B J Altern Complement Med %V 18 %P 454-62 %8 2012 May %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1089/acm.2011.0126 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse %D 2012 %T Indian boarding school experience, substance use, and mental health among urban two-spirit American Indian/Alaska natives. %A Evans-Campbell, Teresa %A Walters, Karina L %A Pearson, Cynthia R %A Campbell, Christopher D %K Acculturation %K Adult %K Alaska %K Alcohol-Related Disorders %K Anxiety Disorders %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Female %K Health Surveys %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Inuits %K Male %K Mental Disorders %K Middle Aged %K Schools %K Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Suicidal Ideation %K Suicide, Attempted %K United States %K Urban Population %X

BACKGROUND: Systematic efforts of assimilation removed many Native children from their tribal communities and placed in non-Indian-run residential schools.

OBJECTIVES: To explore substance use and mental health concerns among a community-based sample of 447 urban two-spirit American Indian/Alaska Native adults who had attended boarding school as children and/or who were raised by someone who attended boarding school.

METHOD: Eighty-two respondents who had attended Indian boarding school as children were compared to respondents with no history of boarding school with respect to mental health and substance use.

RESULTS: Former boarding school attendees reported higher rates of current illicit drug use and living with alcohol use disorder, and were significantly more likely to have attempted suicide and experienced suicidal thoughts in their lifetime compared to non-attendees. About 39% of the sample had been raised by someone who attended boarding school. People raised by boarding school attendees were significantly more likely to have a general anxiety disorder, experience posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and have suicidal thoughts in their lifetime compared to others.

%B Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse %V 38 %P 421-7 %8 2012 Sep %G eng %N 5 %R 10.3109/00952990.2012.701358 %0 Journal Article %J J Nutr Educ Behav %D 2012 %T Measuring perceived barriers to healthful eating in obese, treatment-seeking adults. %A Welsh, Ericka M %A Jeffery, Robert W %A Levy, Rona L %A Langer, Shelby L %A Flood, Andrew P %A Jaeb, Melanie A %A Laqua, Patricia S %K Body Mass Index %K Diet, Reducing %K Energy Intake %K Factor Analysis, Statistical %K Female %K Health Behavior %K Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice %K Humans %K Linear Models %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Obesity %K Perception %K Self Concept %K Self Efficacy %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Time Factors %K Weight Loss %X

OBJECTIVE: To characterize perceived barriers to healthful eating in a sample of obese, treatment-seeking adults and to examine whether changes in barriers are associated with energy intake and body weight.

DESIGN: Observational study based on findings from a randomized, controlled behavioral weight-loss trial.

PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 113 women and 100 men, mean age 48.8 years, 67% white, and mean body mass index at baseline 34.9 kg/m(2).

VARIABLES MEASURED: Perceived diet barriers were assessed using a 39-item questionnaire. Energy intake was assessed with the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire. Body weight (kg) and height (cm) were measured.

ANALYSIS: Factor-based scales constructed from exploratory factor analysis. Linear regression models regressed 12-month energy intake and body weight on baseline to 12-month factor-based score changes (α = .05).

RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis yielded 3 factors: lack of knowledge, lack of control, and lack of time. Reported declines in lack of knowledge and lack of control from baseline to 12 months were associated with significantly greater energy restriction over 12 months, whereas reported declines in lack of control and lack of time were associated with significantly greater weight loss.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Results suggest that declines in perceived barriers to healthful eating during treatment are associated with greater energy restriction and weight loss.

%B J Nutr Educ Behav %V 44 %P 507-12 %8 2012 Nov-Dec %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1016/j.jneb.2010.06.005 %0 Journal Article %J J Subst Abuse Treat %D 2012 %T Mindful awareness in body-oriented therapy as an adjunct to women's substance use disorder treatment: a pilot feasibility study. %A Price, Cynthia J %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Donovan, Dennis M %A Rue, Tessa %K Adult %K Anxiety %K Cognitive Therapy %K Depression %K Feasibility Studies %K Feeding and Eating Disorders %K Female %K Follow-Up Studies %K Humans %K Middle Aged %K Mind-Body Therapies %K Pilot Projects %K Recurrence %K Stress, Psychological %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Treatment Outcome %K Young Adult %X

This study examined mindful awareness in body-oriented therapy (MABT) feasibility as a novel adjunct to women's substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. As an individual therapy, MABT combines manual and mind-body approaches to develop interoception and self-care tools for emotion regulation. A 2-group randomized controlled trial repeated-measures design was used, comparing MABT to treatment as usual (TAU) on relapse to substance use and related health outcomes. Sixty-one women were screened for eligibility, and 46 enrolled. Participants randomized to MABT received 8 weekly MABT sessions. Results showed moderate to large effects, including significantly fewer days on substance use, the primary outcome, for MABT compared with TAU at posttest. Secondary outcomes showed improved eating disorder symptoms, depression, anxiety, dissociation, perceived stress, physical symptom frequency, and bodily dissociation for MABT compared with TAU at the 9-month follow-up. In conclusion, it is feasible to implement MABT in women's SUD treatment, and results suggest that MABT is worthy of further efficacy testing.

%B J Subst Abuse Treat %V 43 %P 94-107 %8 2012 Jul %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1016/j.jsat.2011.09.016 %0 Journal Article %J Addiction %D 2012 %T Primary outcome indices in illicit drug dependence treatment research: systematic approach to selection and measurement of drug use end-points in clinical trials. %A Donovan, Dennis M %A Bigelow, George E %A Brigham, Gregory S %A Carroll, Kathleen M %A Cohen, Allan J %A Gardin, John G %A Hamilton, John A %A Huestis, Marilyn A %A Hughes, John R %A Lindblad, Robert %A Marlatt, G Alan %A Preston, Kenzie L %A Selzer, Jeffrey A %A Somoza, Eugene C %A Wakim, Paul G %A Wells, Elizabeth A %K Alcoholism %K Biomedical Research %K Clinical Trials as Topic %K Consensus %K Endpoint Determination %K Humans %K Self Report %K Street Drugs %K Substance Abuse Detection %K Substance Withdrawal Syndrome %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Tobacco Use Disorder %K Treatment Outcome %X

AIMS: Clinical trials test the safety and efficacy of behavioral and pharmacological interventions in drug-dependent individuals. However, there is no consensus about the most appropriate outcome(s) to consider in determining treatment efficacy or on the most appropriate methods for assessing selected outcome(s). We summarize the discussion and recommendations of treatment and research experts, convened by the US National Institute on Drug Abuse, to select appropriate primary outcomes for drug dependence treatment clinical trials, and in particular the feasibility of selecting a common outcome to be included in all or most trials.

METHODS: A brief history of outcomes employed in prior drug dependence treatment research, incorporating perspectives from tobacco and alcohol research, is included. The relative merits and limitations of focusing on drug-taking behavior, as measured by self-report and qualitative or quantitative biological markers, are evaluated.

RESULTS: Drug-taking behavior, measured ideally by a combination of self-report and biological indicators, is seen as the most appropriate proximal primary outcome in drug dependence treatment clinical trials.

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the most appropriate outcome will vary as a function of salient variables inherent in the clinical trial, such as the type of intervention, its target, treatment goals (e.g. abstinence or reduction of use) and the perspective being taken (e.g. researcher, clinical program, patient, society). It is recommended that a decision process, based on such trial variables, be developed to guide the selection of primary and secondary outcomes as well as the methods to assess them.

%B Addiction %V 107 %P 694-708 %8 2012 Apr %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03473.x %0 Journal Article %J Health Educ Res %D 2012 %T Process and outcome constructs for evaluating community-based participatory research projects: a matrix of existing measures. %A Sandoval, Jennifer A %A Lucero, Julie %A Oetzel, John %A Avila, Magdalena %A Belone, Lorenda %A Mau, Marjorie %A Pearson, Cynthia %A Tafoya, Greg %A Duran, Bonnie %A Iglesias Rios, Lisbeth %A Wallerstein, Nina %K Community-Based Participatory Research %K Forecasting %K Group Processes %K Humans %K Models, Theoretical %K Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care) %K Reproducibility of Results %K Research Design %X

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been widely used in public health research in the last decade as an approach to develop culturally centered interventions and collaborative research processes in which communities are directly involved in the construction and implementation of these interventions and in other application of findings. Little is known, however, about CBPR pathways of change and how these academic-community collaborations may contribute to successful outcomes. A new health CBPR conceptual model (Wallerstein N, Oetzel JG, Duran B et al. CBPR: What predicts outcomes? In: Minkler M, Wallerstein N (eds). Communication Based Participatory Research, 2nd edn. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Co., 2008) suggests that relationships between four components: context, group dynamics, the extent of community-centeredness in intervention and/or research design and the impact of these participatory processes on CBPR system change and health outcomes. This article seeks to identify instruments and measures in a comprehensive literature review that relates to these distinct components of the CBPR model and to present them in an organized and indexed format for researcher use. Specifically, 258 articles were identified in a review of CBPR (and related) literature from 2002 to 2008. Based on this review and from recommendations of a national advisory board, 46 CBPR instruments were identified and each was reviewed and coded using the CBPR logic model. The 46 instruments yielded 224 individual measures of characteristics in the CBPR model. While this study does not investigate the quality of the instruments, it does provide information about reliability and validity for specific measures. Group dynamics proved to have the largest number of identified measures, while context and CBPR system and health outcomes had the least. Consistent with other summaries of instruments, such as Granner and Sharpe's inventory (Granner ML, Sharpe PA. Evaluating community coalition characteristics and functioning: a summary of measurement tools. Health Educ Res 2004; 19: 514-32), validity and reliability information were often lacking, and one or both were only available for 65 of the 224 measures. This summary of measures provides a place to start for new and continuing partnerships seeking to evaluate their progress.

%B Health Educ Res %V 27 %P 680-90 %8 2012 Aug %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1093/her/cyr087 %0 Journal Article %J J Prim Prev %D 2012 %T Project həli?dx(w)/Healthy Hearts Across Generations: development and evaluation design of a tribally based cardiovascular disease prevention intervention for American Indian families. %A Walters, Karina L %A LaMarr, June %A Levy, Rona L %A Pearson, Cynthia %A Maresca, Teresa %A Mohammed, Selina A %A Simoni, Jane M %A Evans-Campbell, Teresa %A Fredriksen-Goldsen, Karen %A Fryberg, Sheryl %A Jobe, Jared B %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Body Mass Index %K Cardiovascular Diseases %K Community-Based Participatory Research %K Community-Institutional Relations %K Cultural Competency %K Family Relations %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Inuits %K Life Style %K Male %K Motivational Interviewing %K Northwestern United States %K Parents %K Risk Factors %K Young Adult %X

American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) populations are disproportionately at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and obesity, compared with the general US population. This article describes the həli?dx(w)/Healthy Hearts Across Generations project, an AIAN-run, tribally based randomized controlled trial (January 2010-June 2012) designed to evaluate a culturally appropriate CVD risk prevention program for AI parents residing in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. At-risk AIAN adults (n = 135) were randomly assigned to either a CVD prevention intervention arm or a comparison arm focusing on increasing family cohesiveness, communication, and connectedness. Both year-long conditions included 1 month of motivational interviewing counseling followed by personal coach contacts and family life-skills classes. Blood chemistry, blood pressure, body mass index, food intake, and physical activity were measured at baseline and at 4- and 12-month follow-up times.

%B J Prim Prev %V 33 %P 197-207 %8 2012 Aug %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1007/s10935-012-0274-z %0 Journal Article %J Child Youth Serv Rev %D 2012 %T Social Services for Sexual Minority Youth: Preferences for What, Where, and How Services are Delivered. %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Asakura, Kenta %A Hoppe, Marilyn J %A Balsam, Kimberly F %A Morrison, Diane M %A Beadnell, Blair %B Child Youth Serv Rev %V 36 %P 312-320 %8 2012 Feb 1 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.11.011 %0 Journal Article %J Arch Sex Behav %D 2011 %T Associations between changing developmental contexts and risky sexual behavior in the two years following high school. %A Bailey, Jennifer A %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A White, Helene R %A Catalano, Richard F %K Attitude to Health %K Comorbidity %K Condoms %K Female %K Humans %K Interpersonal Relations %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Risk-Taking %K Sexual Partners %K Sexually Transmitted Diseases %K Social Environment %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Unsafe Sex %K Young Adult %X

The present study tested associations between common developmental contexts (relationship involvement, independent living, college attendance, work) and risky sexual behavior (casual sex, inconsistent condom use, high-risk sex) across the 2 years following high school. Data were drawn from the Raising Healthy Children project, and included 801 participants aged 18-21 years. Longitudinal analyses, which controlled for early sexual debut, high school substance use, and high school grades, showed that living with a parent was protective against all three sexual risk behavior outcomes (ORs about 0.70). Being in a romantic relationship was associated with a lower probability of casual sex, but a higher probability of inconsistent condom use. Attending college was associated with a lower probability of high-risk sex (OR = 0.67). Working was not related to the sexual risk behaviors examined. Levels of sexual risk behavior showed little change across the 2 years following high school. Findings from this study suggest that developmental context may affect young adults' engagement in risky sexual behavior. Programs aimed at promoting sexual health and reducing risk behaviors for STIs among young adults should consider targeting those in romantic relationships, those not living with parents, and those not attending college. Further, to develop effective prevention programs for these targeted youth, it is critical that we understand the mechanisms leading to risky sex in these groups.

%B Arch Sex Behav %V 40 %P 951-60 %8 2011 Oct %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1007/s10508-010-9633-0 %0 Journal Article %J AIDS Patient Care STDS %D 2011 %T Buffering effects of general and medication-specific social support on the association between substance use and HIV medication adherence. %A Lehavot, Keren %A Huh, David %A Walters, Karina L %A King, Kevin M %A Andrasik, Michele P %A Simoni, Jane M %K Adult %K Anti-HIV Agents %K Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active %K Female %K HIV Infections %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Patient Compliance %K Social Support %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Young Adult %X

The success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among persons living with HIV is largely dependent on strict medication adherence. Recent research suggests that alcohol and other drug use (AOD) may be an important barrier to HAART adherence. In this study, we examined the impact of AOD on HAART adherence as well as the moderating effects of general and medication-specific social support. The data were collected as part of a longitudinal randomized control trial with 224 HIV-positive patients at an HIV primary care clinic in the northwestern United States. Findings indicated that AOD use was negatively associated with HAART adherence and that medication-specific (but not general) social support moderated the AOD-adherence association at 3 (but not at 6 or 9) months. Results indicate the importance of medication-specific social support to treat comorbid AOD use and HIV; implications for future research and intervention programs for HIV-positive AOD users are discussed.

%B AIDS Patient Care STDS %V 25 %P 181-9 %8 2011 Mar %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1089/apc.2010.0314 %0 Journal Article %J Child Welfare %D 2011 %T Context matters: real-world and utilization-focused evaluation strategies to support change and improvement in child welfare. %A Ward, Kristin J %A Maher, Erin J %A Marcynyszyn, Lyscha A %A Ellis, Mei Ling K %A Pecora, Peter J %K Achievement %K Child %K Child Welfare %K Education %K Employment %K Guidelines as Topic %K Humans %K Program Evaluation %K Social Support %K United States %X

This article examines the importance of context in evaluative inquiry. Following guidelines from real-world and utilization-focused evaluation frameworks, four projects are described to illustrate one foundation's pragmatic approach to evaluation that values collaboration, methodological appropriateness, and utilization. The authors contend that such an approach helps to ensure meaningful and actionable results in child welfare because it is responsive to local agency information and capacity needs while simultaneously contributing to the knowledge base of the field.

%B Child Welfare %V 90 %P 29-47 %8 2011 %G eng %N 2 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Community Psychol %D 2011 %T Contextualizing acculturation: gender, family, and community reception influences on Asian immigrant mental health. %A Leu, Janxin %A Walton, Emily %A Takeuchi, David %K Acculturation %K Adult %K Asian Americans %K Communication Barriers %K Conflict (Psychology) %K Emigrants and Immigrants %K Family Relations %K Female %K Health Surveys %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Male %K Mental Health %K Mood Disorders %K Prejudice %K Sex Factors %K Socioeconomic Factors %K United States %X

This article investigates differences in the mental health among male and female immigrants from an ecological perspective, testing the influences of both individual acculturation domains and social contexts. Data from the first nationally representative psychiatric survey of immigrant Asians in the US is used (N = 1,583). These data demonstrate the importance of understanding acculturation domains (e.g., individual differences in English proficiency, ethnic identity, and time in the US), within the social contexts of family, community, and neighborhood. Results demonstrate that among immigrant Asian women, the association between family conflict and mental health problems is stronger for those with higher ethnic identity; among immigrant Asian men, community reception (e.g., everyday discrimination) was more highly associated with increases in mental health symptoms among those with poor English fluency. Findings suggest that both individual domains of acculturation and social context measures contribute to immigrant mental health, and that it is important to consider these relationships within the context of gender.

%B Am J Community Psychol %V 48 %P 168-80 %8 2011 Dec %G eng %N 3-4 %R 10.1007/s10464-010-9360-7 %0 Journal Article %J Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med %D 2011 %T Effects of moral outrage on child welfare reform. %A Wilson, Dee %A Puckett, Alan %K Anger %K Child Abuse %K Child, Preschool %K Community-Institutional Relations %K Health Care Reform %K Humans %K Infant %K Infant, Newborn %K Mass Media %K Morals %K Neonatal Screening %K Risk Assessment %K Social Work %K United States %K Whistleblowing %B Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med %V 165 %P 977-8 %8 2011 Nov %G eng %N 11 %R 10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.177 %0 Journal Article %J Gen Hosp Psychiatry %D 2011 %T Enhancing the population impact of collaborative care interventions: mixed method development and implementation of stepped care targeting posttraumatic stress disorder and related comorbidities after acute trauma. %A Zatzick, Douglas %A Rivara, Frederick %A Jurkovich, Gregory %A Russo, Joan %A Trusz, Sarah Geiss %A Wang, Jin %A Wagner, Amy %A Stephens, Kari %A Dunn, Chris %A Uehara, Edwina %A Petrie, Megan %A Engel, Charles %A Davydow, Dimitri %A Katon, Wayne %K Adult %K Aged %K Clinical Protocols %K Cognitive Therapy %K Comorbidity %K Cooperative Behavior %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Models, Theoretical %K Patient Care Team %K Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic %K Survivors %K Trauma Centers %K Wounds and Injuries %X

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to develop and implement a stepped collaborative care intervention targeting posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related comorbidities to enhance the population impact of early trauma-focused interventions.

METHOD: We describe the design and implementation of the Trauma Survivors Outcomes and Support study. An interdisciplinary treatment development team was composed of trauma surgical, clinical psychiatric and mental health services "change agents" who spanned the boundaries between frontline trauma center clinical care and acute care policy. Mixed method clinical epidemiologic and clinical ethnographic studies informed the development of PTSD screening and intervention procedures.

RESULTS: Two hundred seven acutely injured trauma survivors with high early PTSD symptom levels were randomized into the study. The stepped collaborative care model integrated care management (i.e., posttraumatic concern elicitation and amelioration, motivational interviewing and behavioral activation) with cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy targeting PTSD. The model was feasibly implemented by frontline acute care masters in social work and nurse practioner providers.

CONCLUSIONS: Stepped care protocols targeting PTSD may enhance the population impact of early interventions developed for survivors of individual and mass trauma by extending the reach of collaborative care interventions to acute care medical settings and other nonspecialty posttraumatic contexts.

%B Gen Hosp Psychiatry %V 33 %P 123-34 %8 2011 Mar-Apr %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.01.001 %0 Journal Article %J Addict Behav %D 2011 %T The influence of client behavior during motivational interviewing on marijuana treatment outcome. %A Walker, Denise %A Stephens, Robert %A Rowland, Jared %A Roffman, Roger %K Adult %K Behavior, Addictive %K Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders %K Female %K Follow-Up Studies %K Humans %K Interview, Psychological %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Motivation %K Patient Acceptance of Health Care %K Psychotherapy %K Treatment Outcome %X

Psychotherapy process research continues to be important in identifying within session client and therapist behaviors related to outcome. Motivational Interviewing (MI) assumes that the type of client language elicited within session is important. Client behavior was coded from 61 MI sessions with marijuana dependent adults. Sessions were coded for client language using the Client Language and Commitment Scale. Client statements indicating desire and reasons for change were significantly predictive of marijuana treatment outcome through the 34-month follow-up above and beyond baseline levels of marijuana use or motivation for change. Commitment language was not associated with outcomes. These findings suggest specific types of client language statements predict marijuana treatment outcome and are durable to a 34-month follow-up.

%B Addict Behav %V 36 %P 669-73 %8 2011 Jun %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.01.009 %0 Journal Article %J Drug Alcohol Depend %D 2011 %T An initial trial of a computerized behavioral intervention for cannabis use disorder. %A Budney, Alan J %A Fearer, Stephanie %A Walker, Denise D %A Stanger, Catherine %A Thostenson, Jeff %A Grabinski, Michael %A Bickel, Warren K %K Adult %K Cognitive Therapy %K Computer-Assisted Instruction %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Motivation %K Young Adult %X

The most potent outcomes for cannabis use disorders have been observed with a combination of three evidence-based interventions, motivational enhancement therapy (MET), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and abstinence-based contingency-management (CM). Access to this intervention remains limited because of cost and service availability issues. This report describes the initial stages of a project designed to develop and test a computer-assisted version of MET/CBT/CM that could address many of the current barriers to its dissemination. A nonrandomized, 12-week comparison study assigned 38 adults seeking treatment for a cannabis use disorder to either therapist-delivered (n=22) or computer-delivered (n=16) MET/CBT/CM. Attendance, retention, and cannabis use outcomes did not differ significantly between groups, and there were no indications of superior outcomes favoring therapist delivery. Participants provided positive ratings of the computer-delivered sessions. These preliminary findings suggest that computer-assisted delivery of MET/CBT/CM is acceptable to outpatients and does not adversely impact compliance or outcomes achieved during treatment with MET/CBT/CM for cannabis use disorders. Assessment of post-treatment outcomes and replication in randomized trials are needed to determine reliability and longer term effects. As observed in a growing number of studies, computerized therapies have the potential to increase access to, reduce costs, and enhance fidelity of providing evidence-based treatments without sacrificing and possibly enhancing effectiveness.

%B Drug Alcohol Depend %V 115 %P 74-9 %8 2011 May 1 %G eng %N 1-2 %R 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.014 %0 Journal Article %J Ann Behav Med %D 2011 %T 'I've had unsafe sex so many times why bother being safe now?': the role of cognitions in sexual risk among American Indian/Alaska Native men who have sex with men. %A Nelson, Kimberly M %A Simoni, Jane M %A Pearson, Cynthia R %A Walters, Karina L %K Adult %K Alaska %K Attitude to Health %K Cognition %K Condoms %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K HIV Infections %K Homosexuality, Male %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Multivariate Analysis %K Risk Factors %K Risk-Taking %K Sexual Partners %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Unsafe Sex %K Young Adult %X

BACKGROUND: American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition and transmission.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate a potential area of focus for HIV prevention interventions by assessing the impact of sexual risk cognitions on sexual risk-taking among AI/AN MSM.

METHODS: AI/AN MSM (N = 173) from a national cross-sectional survey were analyzed.

RESULTS: Reporting more frequent sexual risk cognitions overall (high sexual risk cognitions) was associated with multiple HIV risk factors including unprotected anal intercourse and serodiscordant unprotected anal intercourse. Participants with high sexual risk cognitions had a 2.3 (95% Confidence Interval: 1.1, 4.7) times greater odds of engaging in unprotected anal intercourse regardless of childhood sexual abuse, depression, and alcohol dependence. Most individual sexual risk cognitions were associated with unprotected anal intercourse, serodiscordant unprotected anal intercourse, or both.

CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that sexual risk cognitions may be a productive area for further work on HIV prevention among AI/AN MSM.

%B Ann Behav Med %V 42 %P 370-80 %8 2011 Dec %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1007/s12160-011-9302-0 %0 Journal Article %J Womens Health Issues %D 2011 %T Keeping our hearts from touching the ground: HIV/AIDS in American Indian and Alaska Native women. %A Walters, Karina L %A Beltran, Ramona %A Evans-Campbell, Tessa %A Simoni, Jane M %K Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Culture %K Epidemics %K Female %K HIV Infections %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Inuits %K Male %K Rape %K Residence Characteristics %K Spouse Abuse %K Stress, Psychological %K Substance-Related Disorders %K United States %K Women's Health %X

HIV/AIDS is a critical and growing challenge to American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) women's health. Conceptually guided by the Indigenist Stress-Coping Model, this paper explores the historical and contemporary factors implicated in the HIV epidemic among AIAN women and the co-occurring epidemics of sexual violence and substance abuse. The authors also outline multiple indicators of resiliency in AIAN communities and stress the need for HIV prevention interventions for AIAN women to capitalize on cultural and community strengths.

%B Womens Health Issues %V 21 %P S261-5 %8 2011 Nov %G eng %N 6 Suppl %R 10.1016/j.whi.2011.08.005 %0 Journal Article %J Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol %D 2011 %T Measuring multiple minority stress: the LGBT People of Color Microaggressions Scale. %A Balsam, Kimberly F %A Molina, Yamile %A Beadnell, Blair %A Simoni, Jane %A Walters, Karina %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Aged %K Aggression %K Bisexuality %K Ethnic Groups %K Female %K Focus Groups %K Homosexuality %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Prejudice %K Self Report %K Sex Factors %K Social Desirability %K Stereotyping %K Stress, Psychological %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Washington %K Young Adult %X

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals who are also racial/ethnic minorities (LGBT-POC) are a multiply marginalized population subject to microaggressions associated with both racism and heterosexism. To date, research on this population has been hampered by the lack of a measurement tool to assess the unique experiences associated with the intersection of these oppressions. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a three-phase, mixed method empirical study to assess microaggressions among LGBT-POC. The LGBT People of Color Microaggressions Scale is an 18-item self-report scale assessing the unique types of microaggressions experienced by ethnic minority LGBT adults. The measure includes three subscales: (a) Racism in LGBT communities, (b) Heterosexism in Racial/Ethnic Minority Communities, and (c) Racism in Dating and Close Relationships, that are theoretically consistent with prior literature on racial/ethnic minority LGBTs and have strong psychometric properties including internal consistency and construct validity in terms of correlations with measures of psychological distress and LGBT-identity variables. Men scored higher on the LGBT-PCMS than women, lesbians and gay men scored higher than bisexual women and men, and Asian Americans scored higher than African Americans and Latina/os.

%B Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol %V 17 %P 163-74 %8 2011 Apr %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1037/a0023244 %0 Journal Article %J Psychol Addict Behav %D 2011 %T Motives for cannabis use in high-risk adolescent users. %A Fox, Courtney L %A Towe, Sheri L %A Stephens, Robert S %A Walker, Denise D %A Roffman, Roger A %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Adolescent %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Marijuana Smoking %K Motivation %K Risk Factors %X

The present investigation examined the relationships between motives for cannabis use and negative consequences associated with cannabis use following a brief intervention. The sample consisted of 205 adolescent cannabis users (66.3% male), who were recruited in high schools and randomly assigned to a brief two-session motivational enhancement therapy (MET) or an educational feedback control (EFC). Results supported the hypothesis that using cannabis to cope with negative affect would predict the number of problems and dependence symptoms related to cannabis use, after controlling for age, gender, years and frequency of cannabis use, and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Significant interactions between internalizing behavior problems and the coping motive showed that using to cope was associated with a higher number of cannabis dependence symptoms among adolescents reporting lower levels internalizing behavior problems. Findings support the potential utility of conducting further research to explore the coping motive as an important indicator of problematic cannabis use.

%B Psychol Addict Behav %V 25 %P 492-500 %8 2011 Sep %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1037/a0024331 %0 Journal Article %J J Youth Stud %D 2011 %T Multi-Domain Risk and Protective Factor Predictors of Violent Behavior among At-risk Youth. %A Logan-Greene, Patricia %A Nurius, Paula S %A Herting, Jerald R %A Hooven, Carole L %A Walsh, Elaine %A Thompson, Elaine Adams %X

This study extends prior examination of adolescent violence etiology, drawing on an ethnically diverse, community accessed, yet emotionally vulnerable sample (N = 849) of adolescents at-risk for school drop-out. A balanced risk and protective factor framework captured theorized dimensions of strain, coping, and support resources. We tested the combined and unique contribution of risk and protective components spanning individual, peer/school, and family predictor domains, including victimization histories. Hierarchical regressions yielded significant overall explanation of violent behaviors as well as unique predictors within each of the three domains. Tests for sex differences and moderating effects suggested that levels of risk and protective factors differed for males and females, although the functional relationships to violence were the same for both sexes. Results are discussed relative to prevention and early intervention programs; particularly the importance of understanding adolescent violent behaviors within a context that addresses stress and distress.

%B J Youth Stud %V 14 %P 413-429 %8 2011 Jun %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1080/13676261.2010.538044 %0 Journal Article %J Addict Behav %D 2011 %T Is nonmedical prescription opiate use a unique form of illicit drug use? %A Catalano, Richard F %A White, Helene R %A Fleming, Charles B %A Haggerty, Kevin P %K Adolescent %K Analgesics, Opioid %K Drug Prescriptions %K Female %K Humans %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Northwestern United States %K Risk Factors %K Self Medication %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Young Adult %X

Nonmedical prescription opiate (NMPO) use is of great concern because of its high addiction potential, cognitive impairment effects, and other adverse consequences (e.g., hormonal and immune system effects, hyperalgesia and overdose). Due to the combination of drugs used by those who are NMPO users, it is difficult to isolate the negative effects of NMPO use from the effects of other legal and illicit drugs. Based on a stage model of substance use, this study tested whether NMPO use represents a unique form of illicit drug use among emerging adults and whether there are unique consequences of early NMPO use. We used longitudinal data from 912 emerging adults from the Raising Healthy Children study who were interviewed at least annually from the first or second grade through age 21. The findings indicated that almost all NMPO users have also used marijuana and a large majority has also used other drugs, such as cocaine and ecstasy. In addition, more frequent users of NMPOs are also more frequent users of other drugs. Except for violent behavior, NMPO use explained little unique variance in negative outcomes of use (e.g., drug use disorder, mood disorder, nonproductive behavior, poor health, and property crime) beyond that explained by other illicit drug use. Future studies examining the predictors or consequences of NMPO use and nonmedical use of other prescription drugs need to consider use within the context of other drug use.

%B Addict Behav %V 36 %P 79-86 %8 2011 Jan-Feb %G eng %N 1-2 %R 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.08.028 %0 Journal Article %J AIDS Behav %D 2011 %T A preliminary randomized controlled trial of a nurse-delivered medication adherence intervention among HIV-positive outpatients initiating antiretroviral therapy in Beijing, China. %A Simoni, Jane M %A Chen, Wei-Ti %A Huh, David %A Fredriksen-Goldsen, Karen I %A Pearson, Cynthia %A Zhao, Hongxin %A Shiu, Cheng-Shi %A Wang, Xin %A Zhang, Fujie %K Adult %K Anti-HIV Agents %K CD4 Lymphocyte Count %K China %K Counseling %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Drug Monitoring %K Electronics, Medical %K Female %K HIV Infections %K HIV-1 %K Humans %K Male %K Medication Adherence %K Middle Aged %K Nurses %K Outpatients %K RNA, Viral %K Treatment Outcome %K Viral Load %K Young Adult %X

We evaluated a nurse-delivered adherence intervention in a preliminary randomized controlled trial among 70 HIV-positive outpatients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Beijing, China. In both arms, participants received a 30-min educational session, a pillbox, and a referral to a peer support group. In the enhanced arm, participants could choose an electronic reminder device, three sessions of counseling either alone or with a treatment adherence partner, or both reminder and counseling. Survey assessments and blood draws occurred at baseline, post-intervention (13 weeks), and follow-up (25 weeks). Primary outcomes were 7-day and 30-day adherence assessed by self-report and electronic drug monitoring (EDM), and secondary outcomes were HIV-1 RNA viral load and CD4 count. The intervention was feasible and well received. It led to some improvement in self-reported and EDM-assessed adherence but not the biological outcomes. Providing counseling and facilitating the use of electronic reminders to patients initiating ART merits further investigation as a culturally viable means of promoting adherence in China.

%B AIDS Behav %V 15 %P 919-29 %8 2011 Jul %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1007/s10461-010-9828-3 %0 Journal Article %J Psychol Addict Behav %D 2011 %T Randomized controlled trial of motivational enhancement therapy with nontreatment-seeking adolescent cannabis users: a further test of the teen marijuana check-up. %A Walker, Denise D %A Stephens, Robert %A Roffman, Roger %A Demarce, Josephine %A Lozano, Brian %A Towe, Sheri %A Berg, Belinda %K Adolescent %K Behavior Therapy %K Female %K Humans %K Interview, Psychological %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Marijuana Smoking %K Motivation %K Psychotherapy, Brief %K Treatment Outcome %X

Cannabis use adversely affects adolescents and interventions that are attractive to adolescents are needed. This trial compared the effects of a brief motivational intervention for cannabis use with a brief educational feedback control and a no-assessment control. Participants were randomized into one of three treatment conditions: Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET), Educational Feedback Control (EFC), or Delayed Feedback Control (DFC). Those who were assigned to MET and EFC were administered a computerized baseline assessment immediately following randomization and completed assessments at the 3- and 12-month follow-up periods. Participants in the DFC condition were not assessed until the 3-month follow-up. Following the completion of treatment sessions, all participants were offered up to four optional individual treatment sessions aimed at cessation of cannabis use. The research was conducted in high schools in Seattle, Washington. The participant s included 310 self-referred adolescents who smoked cannabis regularly. The main outcome measures included days of cannabis use, associated negative consequences, and engagement in additional treatment. At the 3-month follow-up, participants in both the MET and EFC conditions reported significantly fewer days of cannabis use and negative consequences compared to those in the DFC. The frequency of cannabis use was less in MET relative to EFC at 3 months, but it did not translate to differences in negative consequences. Reductions in use and problems were sustained at 12 months, but there were no differences between MET and EFC interventions. Engagement in additional treatment was minimal and did not differ by condition. Brief interventions can attract adolescent cannabis users and have positive impacts on them, but the mechanisms of the effects are yet to be identified.

%B Psychol Addict Behav %V 25 %P 474-84 %8 2011 Sep %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1037/a0024076 %0 Journal Article %J J Stud Alcohol Drugs %D 2011 %T Sensitive periods for adolescent alcohol use initiation: Predicting the lifetime occurrence and chronicity of alcohol problems in adulthood. %A Guttmannova, Katarina %A Bailey, Jennifer A %A Hill, Karl G %A Lee, Jungeun O %A Hawkins, J D %A Woods, M L %A Catalano, Richard F %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Age Factors %K Age of Onset %K Alcohol Drinking %K Alcohol-Related Disorders %K Alcoholism %K Child %K Ethanol %K Female %K Forecasting %K Humans %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Risk %K Social Environment %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Time Factors %X

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between age at alcohol use onset and adult alcohol misuse and dependence by testing the sensitive-period hypothesis that early adolescence (11-14) is a vulnerable period of development during which initiating alcohol use is particularly harmful.

METHOD: Data came from a longitudinal panel of 808 participants recruited in 1981. Participants were followed through age 33 in 2008 with 92% retention.

RESULTS: Onset of alcohol use before age 11 (late childhood), when compared with initiation during early adolescence, was related to an increased chronicity of adult alcohol dependence, even after accounting for sociodemographic controls and other substance use in adolescence. The present study finds no evidence that early adolescence is a particularly sensitive period for the onset of alcohol use. Findings related to the onset of regular alcohol use and the chronicity of alcohol dependence suggest that the onset of regular drinking before age 21 is problematic, but no one adolescent period is more sensitive than others. Specifically, although all age groups that started drinking regularly before age 21 had a greater rate of alcohol dependence in adulthood, initiation of regular use of alcohol at or before age 14 was not related to greater chronicity of alcohol dependence than the initiation of regular use of alcohol in middle or late adolescence.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest the importance of delaying the onset of alcohol use through prevention efforts as early as the elementary grades. In addition, prevention efforts should focus on preventing the onset of regular drinking before age 21.

%B J Stud Alcohol Drugs %V 72 %P 221-31 %8 2011 Mar %G eng %N 2 %0 Journal Article %J Obesity (Silver Spring) %D 2011 %T Sex-specific HDL cholesterol changes with weight loss and their association with anthropometric variables: the LIFE study. %A Yatsuya, Hiroshi %A Jeffery, Robert W %A Erickson, Darin J %A Welsh, Ericka M %A Flood, Andrew P %A Jaeb, Melanie A %A Laqua, Patricia S %A Mitchell, Nathan R %A Langer, Shelby L %A Levy, Rona L %K Anthropometry %K Blood Glucose %K Cholesterol, HDL %K Female %K Humans %K Insulin %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Obesity %K Sex Factors %K Subcutaneous Fat %K Triglycerides %K Waist-Hip Ratio %K Weight Loss %X

Decrease in the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) has been observed in women who start dieting, but not in men. Patterns of HDLC change during intentional weight loss through 30-months of follow-up, and their association with changes in anthropometric measurements were examined in obese women (N = 112) and men (N = 100). Missing HDLC values at 6-, 12-, 18-, and 30-month follow-up (N = 16, 34, 55, and 50, respectively) due to dropout were imputed by multiple imputation. Mean ages and BMIs of subjects at baseline were 47.2 years and 34.8 kg/m(2) for women, and 50.4 years and 35.0 kg/m(2) for men. On average, participants lost weight steadily for 12 months, followed by slow regain. During the first 6 months, HDLC decreased significantly in women (-4.1 mg/dl, P = 0.0007), but not in men. Significant HDLC increases were observed in both men and women from 6- to 12-month follow-up. HDLC changes in women were positively associated with changes in hip circumference from baseline to 12-month independent of changes in triglycerides (TG), glucose, and insulin. Rapid decrease of predominantly subcutaneous fat in the femoral and gluteal area might be associated with HDLC decrease in women during initial weight loss.

%B Obesity (Silver Spring) %V 19 %P 429-35 %8 2011 Feb %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1038/oby.2010.216 %0 Journal Article %J J Addict Res Ther %D 2011 %T Sex-Specific Regulation of Depression, Anxiety-Like Behaviors and Alcohol Drinking in Mice Lacking ENT1. %A Ruby, Christina L %A Walker, Denise L %A An, Joyce %A Kim, Jason %A Choi, Doo-Sup %X

OBJECTIVES: Adenosine signaling has been implicated in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders including alcoholism, depression, and anxiety. Adenosine levels are controlled in part by transport across the cell membrane by equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs). Recent evidence showed that a polymorphism in the gene encoding ENT1 is associated with comorbid depression and alcoholism in women. We have previously shown that deletion of ENT1 reduces ethanol intoxication and elevates alcohol intake in mice. Interestingly, ENT1 null mice display decreased anxiety-like behavior compared to wild-type littermates. However, our behavioral studies were performed only in male mice. Here, we extend our research to include female mice, and test the effect of ENT1 knockout on other behavioral correlates of alcohol drinking, including depressive and compulsive behavior, in mice. METHODS: To assess depression-like behavior, we used a forced swim test modified for mice. We examined anxiety-like behavior and locomotor activity in open field chambers, and perseverant behavior using the marble-burying test. Finally, we investigated alcohol consumption and preference in female mice using a two-bottle choice paradigm. RESULTS: ENT1 null mice of both sexes showed reduced immobility time in the forced swim test and increased time in the center of the open field compared to wild-type littermates. ENT1 null mice of both sexes showed similar locomotor activity levels and habituation to the open field chambers. Female ENT1 null mice displayed increased marble-burying compared to female wild-types, but no genotype difference was evident in males. Female ENT1 null mice showed increased ethanol consumption and preference compared to female wild-types. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that ENT1 contributes to several important behaviors involved in psychiatric disorders. Inhibition of ENT1 may be beneficial in treating depression and anxiety, while enhancement of ENT1 function may reduce compulsive behavior and drinking, particularly in females.

%B J Addict Res Ther %V S4 %8 2011 Dec 25 %G eng %R 10.4172/2155-6105.S4-004 %0 Journal Article %J Psychol Addict Behav %D 2011 %T Social norms and self-efficacy among heavy using adolescent marijuana smokers. %A Walker, Denise D %A Neighbors, Clayton %A Rodriguez, Lindsey M %A Stephens, Robert S %A Roffman, Roger A %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Behavior %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders %K Female %K Health Behavior %K Humans %K Male %K Marijuana Abuse %K Marijuana Smoking %K Models, Psychological %K Peer Group %K Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic %K Self Efficacy %K Self Report %K Social Conformity %K Social Facilitation %K Young Adult %X

Adolescence is a time in which individuals are particularly likely to engage in health-risk behaviors, with marijuana being the most prevalent illicit drug used. Perceptions of others' use (i.e., norms) have previously been found to be related to increased marijuana use. Additionally, low refusal self-efficacy has been associated with increased marijuana consumption. This cross-sectional study examined the effects of normative perceptions and self-efficacy on negative marijuana outcomes for a heavy using adolescent population. A structural equation model was tested and supported such that significant indirect paths were present from descriptive norms to marijuana outcomes through self-efficacy. Implications for prevention and intervention with heavy using adolescent marijuana users are discussed.

%B Psychol Addict Behav %V 25 %P 727-32 %8 2011 Dec %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1037/a0024958 %0 Journal Article %J Res Soc Work Pract %D 2011 %T A Telephone Intervention for Substance-Using Adult Male Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence. %A Mbilinyi, Lyungai F %A Neighbors, Clayton %A Walker, Denise D %A Roffman, Roger A %A Zegree, Joan %A Edleson, Jeffrey %A O'Rourke, Allison %X

OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily evaluate telephone-delivered motivational enhancement therapy (MET) in motivating unadjudicated and nontreatment seeking intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators, who also use substances, to self-refer into treatment. METHOD: 124 adult men were recruited via a multimedia marketing campaign and were randomly assigned to the intervention (MET) or comparison group following a baseline assessment. Participants in the MET condition received a personalized feedback report on their IPV and substance-use behaviors, consequences, and social norms beliefs. RESULTS: Results supported the likely effectiveness of MET in short-term reduction of IPV behavior, increasing motivation for treatment seeking, and changing perceived norms for IPV and substance abuse (SA). CONCLUSIONS: Applications for brief MET interventions to facilitate voluntary treatment entry among substance-using IPV perpetrators are discussed.

%B Res Soc Work Pract %V 21 %P 43-56 %8 2011 Jan 27 %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1177/1049731509359008 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse %D 2011 %T Ten take home lessons from the first 10 years of the CTN and 10 recommendations for the future. %A Carroll, Kathleen M %A Ball, Samuel A %A Jackson, Ron %A Martino, Steve %A Petry, Nancy M %A Stitzer, Maxine L %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Weiss, Roger D %K Clinical Trials as Topic %K Community Health Services %K Humans %K National Institute on Drug Abuse (U.S.) %K Outcome Assessment (Health Care) %K Research Design %K Substance-Related Disorders %K United States %X

BACKGROUND: The first 10 years of the National Institute on Drug Abuse's Clinical Trials Network (CTN) yielded a wealth of data on the effectiveness of a number of behavioral, pharmacological, and combined approaches in community-based settings.

METHODS: We summarize some of the methodological contributions and lessons learned from the behavioral trials conducted during its first ten years, including the capacity and enormous potential of this national research infrastructure.

RESULTS: The CTN made contributions to the methodology of effectiveness research; new insights from secondary analyses; the extent to which approaches with strong evidence bases, such as contingency management, extend their effectiveness to real world clinical settings; new data on 'standard treatment' as actually practiced in community programs, the extent to which retention remains a major issue in the field; important data on the safety of specific behavioral therapies for addiction; and heightened the importance of continued sustained attention to bridging the gap between treatment and research.

CONCLUSIONS: Areas of focus for the CTN's future include defining common outcome measures to be used in treatment outcome studies for illicit drugs; incorporating performance indicators and measures of clinical significance; conducting comparative outcome studies; contributing to the understanding of effective treatments of comorbidity; reaching underserved populations; building implementation science; understanding long-term outcomes of current treatments and sustaining treatment effects; and conducting future trials more efficiently.

%B Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse %V 37 %P 275-82 %8 2011 Sep %G eng %N 5 %R 10.3109/00952990.2011.596978 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Gastroenterol %D 2010 %T Cognitive-behavioral therapy for children with functional abdominal pain and their parents decreases pain and other symptoms. %A Levy, Rona L %A Langer, Shelby L %A Walker, Lynn S %A Romano, Joan M %A Christie, Dennis L %A Youssef, Nader %A DuPen, Melissa M %A Feld, Andrew D %A Ballard, Sheri A %A Welsh, Ericka M %A Jeffery, Robert W %A Young, Melissa %A Coffey, Melissa J %A Whitehead, William E %K Abdominal Pain %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Adolescent %K Child %K Cognitive Therapy %K Disability Evaluation %K Female %K Humans %K Linear Models %K Male %K Pain Measurement %K Parent-Child Relations %K Parents %K Prospective Studies %K Treatment Outcome %X

OBJECTIVES: Unexplained abdominal pain in children has been shown to be related to parental responses to symptoms. This randomized controlled trial tested the efficacy of an intervention designed to improve outcomes in idiopathic childhood abdominal pain by altering parental responses to pain and children's ways of coping and thinking about their symptoms.

METHODS: Two hundred children with persistent functional abdominal pain and their parents were randomly assigned to one of two conditions-a three-session intervention of cognitive-behavioral treatment targeting parents' responses to their children's pain complaints and children's coping responses, or a three-session educational intervention that controlled for time and attention. Parents and children were assessed at pretreatment, and 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months post-treatment. Outcome measures were child and parent reports of child pain levels, function, and adjustment. Process measures included parental protective responses to children's symptom reports and child coping methods.

RESULTS: Children in the cognitive-behavioral condition showed greater baseline to follow-up decreases in pain and gastrointestinal symptom severity (as reported by parents) than children in the comparison condition (time x treatment interaction, P<0.01). Also, parents in the cognitive-behavioral condition reported greater decreases in solicitous responses to their child's symptoms compared with parents in the comparison condition (time x treatment interaction, P<0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS: An intervention aimed at reducing protective parental responses and increasing child coping skills is effective in reducing children's pain and symptom levels compared with an educational control condition.

%B Am J Gastroenterol %V 105 %P 946-56 %8 2010 Apr %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1038/ajg.2010.106 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Public Health %D 2010 %T English proficiency and language preference: testing the equivalence of two measures. %A Gee, Gilbert C %A Walsemann, Katrina M %A Takeuchi, David T %K Acculturation %K Adult %K Asian Americans %K Attitude to Health %K Choice Behavior %K Data Interpretation, Statistical %K Educational Status %K Emigrants and Immigrants %K Female %K Health Status %K Humans %K Language %K Logistic Models %K Male %K Morbidity %K Multilingualism %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Thinking %K United States %X

OBJECTIVES: We examined the association of language proficiency vs language preference with self-rated health among Asian American immigrants. We also examined whether modeling preference or proficiency as continuous or categorical variables changed our inferences.

METHODS: Data came from the 2002-2003 National Latino and Asian American Study (n = 1639). We focused on participants' proficiency in speaking, reading, and writing English and on their language preference when thinking or speaking with family or friends. We examined the relation between language measures and self-rated health with ordered and binary logistic regression.

RESULTS: All English proficiency measures were associated with self-rated health across all models. By contrast, associations between language preference and self-rated health varied by the model considered.

CONCLUSIONS: Although many studies create composite scores aggregated across measures of English proficiency and language preference, this practice may not always be conceptually or empirically warranted.

%B Am J Public Health %V 100 %P 563-9 %8 2010 Mar %G eng %N 3 %R 10.2105/AJPH.2008.156976 %0 Journal Article %J J Interpers Violence %D 2010 %T Evaluating the impact of intimate partner violence on the perpetrator: the Perceived Consequences of Domestic Violence Questionnaire. %A Walker, Denise D %A Neighbors, Clayton %A Mbilinyi, Lyungai F %A O'Rourke, Allison %A Zegree, Joan %A Roffman, Roger A %A Edleson, Jeffrey L %K Adult %K Aggression %K Humans %K Interpersonal Relations %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Motivation %K Risk Factors %K Risk Reduction Behavior %K Sexual Partners %K Spouse Abuse %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Young Adult %X

Surprisingly, little is known about how IPV perpetrators perceive the conse quences of their violent behavior. This article describes the development and evaluation of the Perceived Consequences of Domestic Violence Questionnaire (PCDVQ). The PCDVQ is a 27 item self report instrument designed to assess the consequences of intimate partner violence (IPV) as perceived by the perpetrator. Data from 124 nontreatment seeking, male, IPV perpetrators recruited from the community provided support for the internal consistency of the PCDVQ. Participants reported an average of 9.97 (SD = 4.57) consequences. Scores on the PCDVQ significantly predicted motivation for change, beta =.19, t(113) = 2.03, p < .05, and treatment seeking, chi(2)(df = 1) = 10.79, p < .01, odds ratio = 1.27 (95% CI: 1.10 1.46). Clinical implications of this instrument are discussed.

%B J Interpers Violence %V 25 %P 1684-98 %8 2010 Sep %G eng %N 9 %R 10.1177/0886260509354592 %0 Journal Article %J J Genet Psychol %D 2010 %T Gender differences in risk and promotive classifications associated with adolescent delinquency. %A Whitney, Stephen D %A Renner, Lynette M %A Herrenkohl, Todd I %K Adolescent %K Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity %K Child %K Child Abuse %K Child Behavior Disorders %K Domestic Violence %K Female %K Humans %K Juvenile Delinquency %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Models, Psychological %K Parenting %K Poverty %K Risk Factors %K Sex Characteristics %K Social Facilitation %K Socialization %X

How likely are children exposed to multiple risk factors to engage in delinquent behavior, to what extent do promotive factors mitigate exposure to these risk factors, and do the predictors of delinquent behavior differ by gender? To address these questions, the authors analyzed data from youths (229 boys, 187 girls) who completed the third wave of the Lehigh Longitudinal Study using Latent Profile Analysis. A unique risk and promotive class with slightly elevated rates of exposure to parental violence, mean levels of other risk factors and low levels of promotive factors was present for girls but not for boys. Additionally, for boys and girls, high-risk, low-promotive individuals were significantly more likely to engage in delinquent behavior than low-risk, high-promotive cases. Findings suggest the need to examine risk and promotive factors in combination to account for their shared influences on developmental outcomes for youth.

%B J Genet Psychol %V 171 %P 116-38 %8 2010 Apr-Jun %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1080/00221320903548092 %0 Journal Article %J J Community Psychol %D 2010 %T GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RISK/PROTECTION PROFILES FOR LOW ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE. %A Whitney, Stephen D %A Renner, Lynette M %A Herrenkohl, Todd I %X

Using holistic-interactionistic theory, the simultaneous nature of risk and protection factors for both males and females (age 6-11 in Wave 1) is examined using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). Risk/protection classes are estimated using multiple risk factor variables (e.g., physical child abuse) and multiple protective factors (e.g., extracurricular activities). These risk/protection classes were used to predict low academic performance. For both males and females, high risk, low protection individuals were significantly more likely to experience low academic performance than low risk, high protection cases. Gender differences emerged in a class for females that included the importance of parental/peer disapproval of anti-social behavior as a protective factor that was not present for males. Findings support elements of the holistic-interactionistic theory for human development and suggest the need to examine risk and protective factors in combination to account for their shared influences on developmental outcomes. Implications for youths underperforming academically are discussed.

%B J Community Psychol %V 38 %P 435-455 %8 2010 May 1 %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1002/jcop.20373 %0 Journal Article %J Acad Med %D 2010 %T How valid are standard self-assessment scales for international medical graduates? %A Narumoto, Keiichiro %A Wilson, Stephen A %K Career Choice %K Clinical Competence %K Demography %K Fatigue %K Foreign Medical Graduates %K Humans %K Internal Medicine %K Internship and Residency %K Maryland %K Self Concept %K Stress, Psychological %B Acad Med %V 85 %P 570-1; author reply 571 %8 2010 Apr %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181d2d629 %0 Journal Article %J AIDS Behav %D 2010 %T The impact of trauma-focused group therapy upon HIV sexual risk behaviors in the NIDA Clinical Trials Network "Women and trauma" multi-site study. %A Hien, Denise A %A Campbell, Aimee N C %A Killeen, Therese %A Hu, Mei-Chen %A Hansen, Cheri %A Jiang, Huiping %A Hatch-Maillette, Mary %A Miele, Gloria M %A Cohen, Lisa R %A Gan, Weijin %A Resko, Stella M %A DiBono, Michele %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Nunes, Edward V %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Adult %K Cognitive Therapy %K Female %K Health Education %K HIV Infections %K Humans %K Risk Reduction Behavior %K Risk-Taking %K Sexual Behavior %K Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Treatment Outcome %K Unsafe Sex %K Wounds and Injuries %X

Women in drug treatment struggle with co-occurring problems, including trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can heighten HIV risk. This study examines the impact of two group therapy interventions on reduction of unprotected sexual occasions (USO) among women with substance use disorders (SUD) and PTSD. Participants were 346 women recruited from and receiving treatment at six community-based drug treatment programs participating in NIDA's Clinical Trials Network. Participants were randomized to receive 12-sessions of either seeking safety (SS), a cognitive behavioral intervention for women with PTSD and SUD, or women's health education (WHE), an attention control psychoeducational group. Participants receiving SS who were at higher sexual risk (i.e., at least 12 USO per month) significantly reduced the number of USO over 12-month follow up compared to WHE. High risk women with co-occurring PTSD and addiction may benefit from treatment addressing coping skills and trauma to reduce HIV risk.

%B AIDS Behav %V 14 %P 421-30 %8 2010 Apr %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1007/s10461-009-9573-7 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Gastroenterol %D 2010 %T Inability of the Rome III criteria to distinguish functional constipation from constipation-subtype irritable bowel syndrome. %A Wong, Reuben K %A Palsson, Olafur S %A Turner, Marsha J %A Levy, Rona L %A Feld, Andrew D %A von Korff, Michael %A Whitehead, William E %K Adult %K Aged %K Constipation %K Diagnosis, Differential %K Female %K Humans %K Irritable Bowel Syndrome %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Patient Selection %K Prospective Studies %K Quality of Life %K Statistics, Nonparametric %K Surveys and Questionnaires %X

OBJECTIVES: The Rome III classification system treats functional constipation (FC) and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) as distinct disorders, but this distinction appears artificial, and the same drugs are used to treat both. This study's hypothesis is that FC and IBS-C defined by Rome III are not distinct entities.

METHODS: In all, 1,100 adults with a primary care visit for constipation and 1,700 age- and gender-matched controls from a health maintenance organization completed surveys 12 months apart; 66.2% returned the first questionnaire. Rome III criteria identified 231 with FC and 201 with IBS-C. The second survey was completed by 195 of the FC and 141 of the IBS-C cohorts. Both surveys assessed the severity of constipation and IBS, quality of life (QOL), and psychological distress.

RESULTS: (i) Overlap: if the Rome III requirement that patients meeting criteria for IBS cannot be diagnosed with FC is suspended, 89.5% of IBS-C cases meet criteria for FC and 43.8% of FC patients fulfill criteria for IBS-C. (ii) No qualitative differences between FC and IBS-C: 44.8% of FC patients report abdominal pain, and paradoxically IBS-C patients have more constipation symptoms than FC. (iii) Switching between diagnoses: by 12 months, 1/3 of FC transition to IBS-C and 1/3 of IBS-C change to FC.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients identified by Rome III criteria for FC and IBS-C are not distinct groups. Revisions to the Rome III criteria, possibly including incorporation of physiological tests of transit and pelvic floor function, are needed.

%B Am J Gastroenterol %V 105 %P 2228-34 %8 2010 Oct %G eng %N 10 %R 10.1038/ajg.2010.200 %0 Journal Article %J Prev Med %D 2010 %T Maintenance-tailored therapy vs. standard behavior therapy for 30-month maintenance of weight loss. %A Levy, Rona L %A Jeffery, Robert W %A Langer, Shelby L %A Graham, Dan J %A Welsh, Ericka M %A Flood, Andrew P %A Jaeb, Melanie A %A Laqua, Patricia S %A Finch, Emily A %A Hotop, Annie M %A Yatsuya, Hiroshi %K Adult %K Behavior Therapy %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Obesity %K Weight Gain %K Weight Loss %X

OBJECTIVE: To assess differences in weight regain one year after an 18-month obesity treatment with standard behavior therapy (SBT) or maintenance-tailored therapy for obesity (MTT).

METHOD: 213 obese adult volunteers were treated for 18 months using SBT with fixed behavioral prescriptions or MTT that employed varied behavioral prescriptions with treatment breaks. Follow-up analysis focused on weight maintenance after a year of no contact. The trial was conducted at the University of Minnesota between 2005 and 2009.

RESULTS: Mean (SD) weight change between 18 and 30 months for participants in the SBT group was +4.1 kg (4.4) compared to +2.8 kg (4.5) in the MTT group. This is a 31% reduction in weight regain in MTT relative to SBT (p=0.078). This trend toward better maintenance in MTT versus SBT was due primarily to superior differential maintenance in MTT participants in the highest tertile of total weight loss at 18 months, i.e. MTT participants in this tertile regained 4 kg less than SBT participants between 18 and 30 months.

CONCLUSIONS: The MTT approach with varied content and timing produced more desirable patterns of weight loss maintenance than the traditional SBT approach, especially among individuals who had achieved greater initial weight loss.

%B Prev Med %V 51 %P 457-9 %8 2010 Dec %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.09.010 %0 Journal Article %J Violence Against Women %D 2010 %T Normative misperceptions of abuse among perpetrators of intimate partner violence. %A Neighbors, Clayton %A Walker, Denise D %A Mbilinyi, Lyungai F %A O'Rourke, Allison %A Edleson, Jeffrey L %A Zegree, Joan %A Roffman, Roger A %K Attitude %K Female %K Humans %K Interviews as Topic %K Male %K Motivation %K Prevalence %K Sexual Partners %K Social Behavior %K Spouse Abuse %K Surveys and Questionnaires %X

This research was designed to evaluate the applicability of social norms approaches to interventions with male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV). Participants included 124 nonadjudicated IPV perpetrating men recruited from the general population who completed assessment of their own IPV behaviors via telephone interviews and estimated the prevalence of behaviors in other men. Results indicated that IPV perpetrators consistently overestimated the percentage of men who engaged in IPV and that their estimates were associated with violence toward their partner over the past 90 days. Findings provide preliminary support for incorporating social norms approaches into clinical applications.

%B Violence Against Women %V 16 %P 370-86 %8 2010 Apr %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1177/1077801210363608 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Obstet Gynecol %D 2010 %T Psychosocial stress during pregnancy. %A Woods, Sarah M %A Melville, Jennifer L %A Guo, Yuqing %A Fan, Ming-Yu %A Gavin, Amelia %K Adult %K Alcohol Drinking %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Female %K Health Behavior %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Pregnancy %K Pregnancy Outcome %K Risk Factors %K Stress, Psychological %K Substance-Related Disorders %X

OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify factors associated with high antenatal psychosocial stress and describe the course of psychosocial stress during pregnancy.

STUDY DESIGN: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from an ongoing registry. Study participants were 1522 women receiving prenatal care at a university obstetric clinic from January 2004 through March 2008. Multiple logistic regression identified factors associated with high stress as measured by the Prenatal Psychosocial Profile stress scale.

RESULTS: The majority of participants reported antenatal psychosocial stress (78% low-moderate, 6% high). Depression (odds ratios [OR], 9.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.5-17.0), panic disorder (OR, 6.8; 95% CI, 2.9-16.2), drug use (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.2-12.5), domestic violence (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.4-8.3), and having > or =2 medical comorbidities (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.8-5.5) were significantly associated with high psychosocial stress. For women who screened twice during pregnancy, mean stress scores declined during pregnancy (14.8 +/- 3.9 vs 14.2 +/- 3.8; P < .001).

CONCLUSION: Antenatal psychosocial stress is common, and high levels are associated with maternal factors known to contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes.

%B Am J Obstet Gynecol %V 202 %P 61.e1-7 %8 2010 Jan %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.07.041 %0 Journal Article %J Adm Policy Ment Health %D 2010 %T The relationship between outpatient mental health treatment and subsequent mental health symptoms and disorders in young adults. %A Van Dorn, Richard A %A Kosterman, Rick %A Williams, James H %A Chandler, Kristen %A Young, M S %A Catalano, Richard F %A Hawkins, J D %K Adult %K Ambulatory Care %K Community Mental Health Services %K Female %K Humans %K Interviews as Topic %K Male %K Mental Disorders %K Young Adult %X

The objective of this study was to evaluate community-based outpatient mental health services for young adults. Participants were interviewed at ages 21, 24, 27, and 30. Outcomes included: (1) symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety, social phobia, dysthymia and post traumatic stress individually and as a global scale; and (2) a dichotomous diagnosis variable inclusive of all above disorders. Treatment was indicated by an outpatient visit to a psychiatrist or other professional. Treatment did not reduce mental disorder or symptoms. Substance use, violence, poverty, community disorganization, and family history of antisocial behavior increased risks for negative outcomes, while social support was protective. The absence of positive findings associated with outpatient treatment is troubling given the empirically supported interventions for the conditions examined. Practitioners, agencies, and managed care organizations share a responsibility to implement effective and comprehensive interventions.

%B Adm Policy Ment Health %V 37 %P 484-96 %8 2010 Nov %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1007/s10488-010-0291-2 %0 Journal Article %J J Stud Alcohol Drugs %D 2010 %T Romantic relationship status changes and substance use among 18- to 20-year-olds. %A Fleming, Charles B %A White, Helene R %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A Catalano, Richard F %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Behavior %K Age Factors %K Depression %K Female %K Humans %K Interpersonal Relations %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Marriage %K Sexual Partners %K Single Person %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Young Adult %X

OBJECTIVE: Changes in romantic relationship status are common in emerging adulthood and may be linked to changes in substance use. This study tested the hypothesis that entry into relationships or transitioning to a more committed status leads to decreases in substance use and that dissolution of relationships or transitioning to a less committed status results in increases in substance use.

METHOD: Data were from a community sample of 939 individuals. Substance use (heavy drinking, marijuana use, and cigarette smoking) and relationship status (single, in a romantic relationship but not cohabiting, cohabiting, or married) were assessed at the beginning and end of three 6-month intervals between the ages of 18 and 20 years. Models were estimated to assess the association between transitions in relationship status and substance use, adjusting for prior levels of use.

RESULTS: There were increases in heavy drinking, marijuana use, and cigarette smoking associated with dissolution of a romantic relationship, as well as increases in marijuana use and cigarette smoking associated with switching partners within a 6-month interval. Mediation analyses found some support for increases in both depressive symptoms and exposure to substance-using peers partially accounting for these associations. Decreases in substance use were not found for individuals entering into a new relationship or transitioning to a more committed relationship status. In fact, cigarette smoking increased among those who went from being single to being in a romantic relationship compared with those whose relationship status did not change.

CONCLUSIONS: Emerging adults who experience dissolution of romantic relationships or quickly move from one relationship to another experience increased substance use. Both depressive symptoms and changes in peer environments may partially account for these changes in use.

%B J Stud Alcohol Drugs %V 71 %P 847-56 %8 2010 Nov %G eng %N 6 %0 Journal Article %J J Health Soc Behav %D 2010 %T Romantic relationships and substance use in early adulthood: an examination of the influences of relationship type, partner substance use, and relationship quality. %A Fleming, Charles B %A White, Helene R %A Catalano, Richard F %K Adolescent %K Courtship %K Data Collection %K Female %K Humans %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Young Adult %X

This study used longitudinal data from 909 young adults to examine associations between substance use and the status and quality of romantic relationships. Heavy alcohol use, marijuana use, and cigarette smoking, as well as relationship status, relationship quality, partner substance use, and other salient life circumstances were assessed at four time points in the two years after high school. Marriage, cohabiting relationships, and noncohabiting dating relationships were associated with reductions in heavy drinking and marijuana use relative to non-dating, after adjusting for adolescent substance use; marriage compared to not dating was associated with reductions in cigarette smoking. For those in romantic relationships, partner substance use moderated the associations between relationship quality and substance use for heavy drinking and for marijuana use, supporting the hypothesis derived from the Social Development Model that the protective effect of stronger social bonds depends on the use patterns of the partner to whom an individual is bonded.

%B J Health Soc Behav %V 51 %P 153-67 %8 2010 Jun %G eng %N 2 %0 Journal Article %J Sex Transm Dis %D 2010 %T Sexual partner concurrency and sexual risk among gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender American Indian/Alaska natives. %A Cassels, Susan %A Pearson, Cynthia R %A Walters, Karina %A Simoni, Jane M %A Morris, Martina %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Aged %K Alaska %K Bisexuality %K Female %K Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice %K Healthcare Disparities %K HIV Infections %K Homosexuality, Female %K Homosexuality, Male %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Prevalence %K Risk-Taking %K Sexual Behavior %K Sexual Partners %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Transgender Persons %X

BACKGROUND: American Indian and Alaska Natives suffer pervasive health disparities, including disproportionately high rates of HIV. Sexual network dynamics, including concurrency and sexual mixing patterns, are key determinants of HIV disparities.

METHODS: We analyzed data from the first national study of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender American Indian and Alaska Natives to examine the prevalence of concurrency, sex and race of partners, and level of risk across different partnership patterns. Egocentric network data were analyzed at the level of the respondents, who were grouped according to the sex of their last 3 partners.

RESULTS: Overall rates of HIV and concurrency were high in this population. HIV prevalence (34%) and cumulative prevalence of concurrency (55%) were highest among men who had sex with only men, while women who had sex with only women reported lower concurrency and HIV. Women who had sex with women and men also had high HIV prevalence (15%) and reported slightly higher concurrency risk and low condom use, making them effective bridge populations.

CONCLUSIONS: The uniformly high rates of Native partner selection creates the potential for amplification of disease spread within this small community, while the high rates of selecting partners of other races creates the potential for bridging to other groups in the transmission network. These findings provide some of the first insights into sexual networks and concurrency among Native gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender populations and suggest that both men and women deserve attention in HIV prevention efforts at individual, dyadic and population levels.

%B Sex Transm Dis %V 37 %P 272-8 %8 2010 Apr %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181c37e3e %0 Journal Article %J Child Maltreat %D 2010 %T Special issue call for papers: disseminating child maltreatment interventions: research on implementing evidence-based programs. %A Whitaker, Daniel J %A Self-Brown, Shannon %A Kolko, David %A Berliner, Lucy %K Child %K Child Abuse %K Child Behavior %K Child Welfare %K Evidence-Based Medicine %K Humans %K Periodicals as Topic %K Primary Prevention %B Child Maltreat %V 15 %P 336 %8 2010 Nov %G eng %N 4 %0 Journal Article %J J Subst Abuse Treat %D 2010 %T Study results from the Clinical Trials Network's first 10 years: where do they lead? %A Wells, Elizabeth A %A Saxon, Andrew J %A Calsyn, Donald A %A Jackson, Thomas R %A Donovan, Dennis M %K Clinical Trials as Topic %K Humans %K National Institute on Drug Abuse (U.S.) %K Quality Assurance, Health Care %K Research Design %K Risk-Taking %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Treatment Outcome %K United States %X

The National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN) began in 2000 with the goal of "improv[ing] the quality of drug abuse treatment throughout the country using science as the vehicle." Since then, 24 discrete clinical trials were launched, 20 are completed, and 15 have published main outcome papers. Of the latter, 4 tested pharmacological treatment, 8 psychosocial/behavioral treatment, 1 a combination of medication and counseling, and 2 targeted HIV/hepatitis C virus risk behavior. We review main study findings for these trials, including treatment retention, substance use or risk behavior outcomes, and secondary outcomes when analyzed. The purpose of this review is to identify the incremental progress toward improving drug treatment made by these trials and to propose next steps for the CTN and for the field arising from these studies. The CTN provides a unique opportunity to systematically design trials that incorporate treatment improvements from previous trials and to direct efforts toward innovations most likely to be incorporated into practice.

%B J Subst Abuse Treat %V 38 Suppl 1 %P S14-30 %8 2010 Jun %G eng %R 10.1016/j.jsat.2009.12.009 %0 Journal Article %J J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci %D 2010 %T Use of spoken and written Japanese did not protect Japanese-American men from cognitive decline in late life. %A Crane, Paul K %A Gruhl, Jonathan C %A Erosheva, Elena A %A Gibbons, Laura E %A McCurry, Susan M %A Rhoads, Kristoffer %A Nguyen, Viet %A Arani, Keerthi %A Masaki, Kamal %A White, Lon %K Age Factors %K Aged %K Aged, 80 and over %K Asian Americans %K Cognition Disorders %K Emigrants and Immigrants %K Hawaii %K Humans %K Japan %K Language %K Language Tests %K Male %K Multilingualism %K Multivariate Analysis %K Neuropsychological Tests %K Regression Analysis %K Speech %X

OBJECTIVES: Spoken bilingualism may be associated with cognitive reserve. Mastering a complicated written language may be associated with additional reserve. We sought to determine if midlife use of spoken and written Japanese was associated with lower rates of late life cognitive decline.

METHODS: Participants were second-generation Japanese-American men from the Hawaiian island of Oahu, born 1900-1919, free of dementia in 1991, and categorized based on midlife self-reported use of spoken and written Japanese (total n included in primary analysis = 2,520). Cognitive functioning was measured with the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument scored using item response theory. We used mixed effects models, controlling for age, income, education, smoking status, apolipoprotein E e4 alleles, and number of study visits.

RESULTS: Rates of cognitive decline were not related to use of spoken or written Japanese. This finding was consistent across numerous sensitivity analyses.

DISCUSSION: We did not find evidence to support the hypothesis that multilingualism is associated with cognitive reserve.

%B J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci %V 65 %P 654-66 %8 2010 Nov %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1093/geronb/gbq046 %0 Journal Article %J J Epidemiol Community Health %D 2010 %T Who, and what, causes health inequities? Reflections on emerging debates from an exploratory Latin American/North American workshop. %A Krieger, Nancy %A Alegría, Margarita %A Almeida-Filho, Naomar %A Barbosa da Silva, Jarbas %A Barreto, Maurício L %A Beckfield, Jason %A Berkman, Lisa %A Birn, Anne-Emanuelle %A Duncan, Bruce B %A Franco, Saul %A Garcia, Dolores Acevedo %A Gruskin, Sofia %A James, Sherman A %A Laurell, Asa Christina %A Schmidt, Maria Inês %A Walters, Karina L %K Health Priorities %K Healthcare Disparities %K Humans %K Latin America %K North America %K Politics %K Poverty %K Public Health %K Social Conditions %K Social Justice %K Warfare %B J Epidemiol Community Health %V 64 %P 747-9 %8 2010 Sep %G eng %N 9 %R 10.1136/jech.2009.106906 %0 Journal Article %J Child & Family Social Work %D 2009 %T Evidence-based intervention and services for high-risk youth: a North American perspective on the challenges of integration for policy, practice and research. %A Whittaker, James K. %K children in need (services for) %K Evidence-Based Practice %K Evidence-based social work %K Intervention (Social services) %K Problem youth -- Services for %K research in practice %K Social work with children %K Social work with youth %K therapeutic social work %K Youth with social disabilities -- Services for %X

This paper explores the cross-national challenges of integrating evidence-based interventions into existing services for high-resource-using children and youth. Using several North American model programme exemplars that have demonstrated efficacy, the paper explores multiple challenges confronting policy-makers, evaluation researchers and practitioners who seek to enhance outcomes for troubled children and youth and improve overall service effectiveness. The paper concludes with practical implications for youth and family professionals, researchers, service agencies and policy–makers, with particular emphasis on possibilities for cross-national collaboration.

%B Child & Family Social Work %V 14 %P 166-177 %8 2009/05/1/ %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1111/j.1365-2206.2009.00621.x %0 Journal Article %J BMC Complement Altern Med %D 2008 %T Complementary and alternative medicine use and cost in functional bowel disorders: a six month prospective study in a large HMO. %A van Tilburg, Miranda A L %A Palsson, Olafur S %A Levy, Rona L %A Feld, Andrew D %A Turner, Marsha J %A Drossman, Douglas A %A Whitehead, William E %K Abdominal Pain %K Adult %K Complementary Therapies %K Constipation %K Cost-Benefit Analysis %K Delivery of Health Care, Integrated %K Diarrhea %K Female %K Ginger %K Health Maintenance Organizations %K Humans %K Irritable Bowel Syndrome %K Male %K Massage %K Middle Aged %K Patient Satisfaction %K Phytotherapy %K Professional-Patient Relations %K Prospective Studies %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K United States %K Yoga %X

BACKGROUND: Functional Bowel Disorders (FBD) are chronic disorders that are difficult to treat and manage. Many patients and doctors are dissatisfied with the level of improvement in symptoms that can be achieved with standard medical care which may lead them to seek alternatives for care. There are currently no data on the types of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) used for FBDs other than Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), or on the economic costs of CAM treatments. The aim of this study is to determine prevalence, types and costs of CAM in IBS, functional diarrhea, functional constipation, and functional abdominal pain.

METHODS: 1012 Patients with FBD were recruited through a health care maintenance organization and followed for 6 months. Questionnaires were used to ascertain: Utilization and expenditures on CAM, symptom severity (IBS-SS), quality of life (IBS-QoL), psychological distress (BSI) and perceived treatment effectiveness. Costs for conventional medical care were extracted from administrative claims.

RESULTS: CAM was used by 35% of patients, at a median yearly cost of $200. The most common CAM types were ginger, massage therapy and yoga. CAM use was associated with female gender, higher education, and anxiety. Satisfaction with physician care and perceived effectiveness of prescription medication were not associated with CAM use. Physician referral to a CAM provider was uncommon but the majority of patients receiving this recommendation followed their physician's advice.

CONCLUSION: CAM is used by one-third of FBD patients. CAM use does not seem to be driven by dissatisfaction with conventional care. Physicians should discuss CAM use and effectiveness with their patients and refer patients if appropriate.

%B BMC Complement Altern Med %V 8 %P 46 %8 2008 %G eng %R 10.1186/1472-6882-8-46 %0 Journal Article %J Social Service Review %D 2008 %T Research for Action: Cross-National Perspectives on Connecting Knowledge, Policy, and Practice for Children. %A Whittaker, James K. %K Chaskin, Robert J. %K Nonfiction %K Research for Action: Cross-National Perspectives on Connecting Knowledge, Policy & Practice for Children (Book) %K Rosenfeld, Jona M. %K Social work with children %X

The article reviews the book "Research for Action: Cross-National Perspectives on Connecting Knowledge, Policy, and Practice for Children," edited by Robert J. Chaskin and Jona M. Rosenfeld.

%B Social Service Review %V 82 %P 556-559 %8 09/2008 %G eng %N 3