%0 Journal Article %J Health Affairs Forefront %D 2024 %T Prevention: The missing link in our efforts to support families impacted by the opioid epidemic %A Leighty, Jim %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Cooper, Brittany %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Oxford, Monica L. %A Peavy, K. Michelle %A Walker-Harding, Leslie R. %B Health Affairs Forefront %V February 9 %8 02/09/2024 %G eng %R 10.1377/forefront.20240207.380985 %0 Journal Article %J Australian Journal of Psychology %D 2023 %T Polydrug use in Australian 12-14 year olds from 2006 to 2017: An examination of drug use profiles, emotional control problems, and family relationship characteristics %A Adrian B. Kelly %A Andrew Munnings %A Xiang Zhou %A Bosco Rowland %A Kristin R. Laurens %A Marilyn Campbell %A Joanne Williams %A Jen A. Bailey %A Callula Killingly %A Julie Abimanyi-Ochom %A Peter Kremer %A John W. Toumbourou %B Australian Journal of Psychology %V 75 %P 2174705 %8 02/2023 %G eng %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2023 %T The potential for prevention science in middle and late adulthood: A commentary on the special issue of Prevention Science %A Marina Epstein %A Rick Kosterman %A Richard F. Catalano %B Prevention Science %V 24 %P 808-816 %G eng %& 5 %R 10.1007/s11121-023-01544-y %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2023 %T Prevention of opioid use and disorder among youth involved in the legal system: Innovation and implementation of four studies funded by the NIDA HEAL Initiative %A Ahrens, Kim %A Blackburn, Natalie %A Aalsma, Matthew %A Haggerty, Kevin %A Kelleher, Kelly %A Knight, Danica K. %A Joseph, Elizabeth %A Mulford, Carrie %A Ryle, Ted %A Tolou-Shams, Marina %B Prevention Science %V 24(Suppl. 1) %P S99-S110 %G eng %R 10.1007/s11121-023-01566-6 %0 Journal Article %J Substance Use and Misuse %D 2023 %T Prospective associations between childhood exposure to living with adult alcohol misuse and major depressive disorder in adulthood: The role of child maltreatment %A Avery, AD %A Kernic, MA %A Kosterman, R %A Rhew, IC %B Substance Use and Misuse %V 58 %P 371-379 %8 12/2022 %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1080/10826084.2022.2161825 %0 Journal Article %J Addictive Behaviors %D 2022 %T Parent ENDS use predicts adolescent and young adult offspring ENDS use above and beyond parent cigarette use %A Bailey, JA %A Epstein, M %A Kosterman, R %B Addictive Behaviors %V 125 %P 107157 %G eng %R 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107157 %0 Journal Article %J Contemporary Clinical Trials %D 2022 %T Parent-focused prevention of adolescent health risk behavior: Study protocol for a multisite cluster-randomized trial implemented in pediatric primary care %A Scheuer, Hannah %A Kuklinski, Margaret R. %A Sterling, Stacy A. %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Beck, Arne %A Braciszewski, Jordan %A Boggs, Jennifer %A Hawkins, J D %A Loree, Amy M. %A Weisner, Constance %A Carey, Susan %A Elsiss, Farah %A Morse, Erica %A Negusse, Rahel %A Jessen, Andrew %A Kline-Simon, Andrea %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Quesenberry, Charles %A Sofrygin, Oleg %A Yoon, Tae %B Contemporary Clinical Trials %V 112 %P 106621 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Australian Journal of Social Issues %D 2022 %T A population-based study of homelessness, antisocial behaviour, and violence victimisation among young adults in Victoria, Australia %A Heerde, Jessica A. %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Patton, George C. %A Toumbourou, John W. %B Australian Journal of Social Issues %V 57 %P 762-782 %8 2022 %G eng %N 4 %0 Journal Article %J Children and Youth Services Review %D 2021 %T Proximal outcomes of Connecting, an evidence-based, family-focused prevention program for caregivers of adolescents in foster care %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Barkan, Susan E. %A Skinner, Martie L. %A Hanson, Koren %B Children and Youth Services Review %V 126 %P 106009 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research %D 2020 %T Parents’ perceptions of adolescent exposure to marijuana following legalization in Washington State %A Jones, Tiffany M. %A Eisenberg, Nicole %A Kosterman, Rick %A Lee, Jungeun O. %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %B Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research %V 11 %P 21-38 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Children and Youth Services Review %D 2020 %T Prevalence of homelessness and co-occurring problems: A comparison of young adults in Victoria, Australia and Washington State, United States %A Heerde, Jessica A. %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Toumbourou, John W. %A Rowland, Bosco %A Catalano, Richard F. %B Children and Youth Services Review %V 109 %P 104692 %G eng %0 Book Section %B The encyclopedia of child and adolescent development %D 2020 %T Prevention of adolescent mental, emotional, and behavioral health disorders: A global perspective %A Fagan, Abigail A. %A Lewis, Amanda N. %A Catalano, Richard F. %E Hupp, Stephen %E Jewell, Jeremy D. %B The encyclopedia of child and adolescent development %I John Wiley and Sons %C Hoboken, NJ %G eng %0 Book Section %B Clinical manual of youth addictive disorders, 2nd Ed. %D 2020 %T Prevention of substance use and substance use disorders %A Scheier, Lawrence M. %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Winters, Ken C. %E Kaminer, Yifrah %E Winters, Ken C. %B Clinical manual of youth addictive disorders, 2nd Ed. %I American Psychiatric Association %C Washington, DC %P 25-50 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Child and Family Studies %D 2019 %T Parenting practices in the context of legal marijuana: Voices from Seattle parents %A Eisenberg, Nicole %A Jones, Tiffany M. %A Kosterman, Rick %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Lee, Jungeun O. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %B Journal of Child and Family Studies %V 28 %P 587-598 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Adolescent Health %D 2019 %T Positive youth development programs in low- and middle-income countries: A conceptual framework and systematic review of efficacy %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Skinner, Martie L. %A Alvarado, Gina %A Kapungu, Chisina %A Reavley, Nicola %A Patton, George C. %A Jessee, Cassandra %A Plaut, Daniel %A Moss, Caitlin %A Bennett, Kristina %A Sawyer, Susan M. %A Sebany, Meroji %A Sexton, Magnolia %A Olenik, Christina %A Petroni, Suzanne %B Journal of Adolescent Health %V 65 %P 15-31 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Contemporary School Psychology %D 2019 %T Predicting school suspension risk from eighth through tenth grade using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire %A Gross, Thomas J. %A Duncan, Jenna %A Kim, Samuel Y. %A Mason, W. A %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %B Contemporary School Psychology %V 23 %P 270-289 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions %D 2019 %T Promoting SBIRT training for social work students across field settings %A Tajima, Emiko %A McCowan, Kristin J. %A Lindhorst, Taryn %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Rivara, J B %A Schack, Steve %A Ramey, Anastasia %A Jackson, T. Ron %B Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions %V 19 %P 108-123 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2018 %T Predictors of adult marijuana use among parents and nonparents %A Epstein, Marina %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Steeger, Christine M. %A Hill, Karl G. %A Skinner, Martie L. %B Prevention Science %V 19 %P 109-116 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice %D 2018 %T Prevent crime and save money: Return-on-investment models in Australia %A Heerde, Jessica A. %A Toumbourou, John W. %A Hemphill, Sheryl A. %A Le, Ha %A Herrenkohl, Todd I. %A Catalano, Richard F. %B Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice %V 545 %P 1-18 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Addictive Behaviors %D 2017 %T Parent and peer pathways linking childhood experiences of abuse with marijuana use in adolescence and adulthood %A Mason, W A %A Russo, M J %A Chmelka, Mary B. %A Herrenkohl, Roy C. %A Herrenkohl, Todd I. %B Addictive Behaviors %V 66 %P 70-75 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Infant and Child Development %D 2017 %T Parental alcohol use, parenting, and child on-time development %A Guttmannova, Katarina %A Hill, Karl G. %A Bailey, Jennifer A. %A Hartigan, Lacey A. %A Small, Candice M. %A Hawkins, J D %B Infant and Child Development %V 26 %P e2013 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Developmental Science %D 2017 %T Positive parenting predicts cortisol functioning six years later in young adults %A Shirtcliff, Elizabeth A. %A Skinner, Martie L. %A Obasi, Ezemenari M. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %B Developmental Science %V 20 %P e12461 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Child Youth Serv Rev %D 2016 %T Parent training to reduce problem behaviors over the transition to high school: Tests of indirect effects through improved emotion regulation skills %A Mason, W A %A January, Stacy-Ann A %A Fleming, Charles B %A Thompson, Ronald W %A Parra, Gilbert R %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A Snyder, James J %X

Adolescent problem behaviors are costly for individuals and society. Promoting the self-regulatory functioning of youth may help prevent the development of such behaviors. Parent-training and family intervention programs have been shown to improve child and adolescent self-regulation. This study helps fill gaps in knowledge by testing for indirect effects of the Common Sense Parenting(®) (CSP) program on reduced substance use, conduct problems, and school suspensions through previously identified short-term improvements in parents' reports of their children's emotion regulation skills. Over two cohorts, 321 low income families of 8(th) graders were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the standard CSP program, an adapted CSP Plus program, or a minimal-contact control condition. Pretest, posttest, 1-year follow-up, and 2-year follow-up survey assessments were completed by parents and students with 94% retention. Intent-to-treat multivariate path analyses were conducted. Neither intervention had statistically significant total effects on the three targeted adolescent outcomes. CSP, but not CSP Plus, had statistically significant indirect effects on reduced substance use and school suspensions at the 1-year follow-up as well as conduct problems and school suspensions at the 2-year follow-up through increased child emotion regulation skills at posttest. Findings provide some support for emotion regulation as one pathway through which the intervention was associated, indirectly, with reduced substance use, conduct problems, and school suspensions among at-risk students over the high school transition.

%B Child Youth Serv Rev %V 61 %P 176-183 %8 2016 Feb 1 %G ENG %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26778871?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.12.022 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Research on Adolescence %D 2016 %T Peer group patterns of alcohol-using behaviors among early adolescents in Victoria, Australia, and Washington State, United States %A Leung, Rachel K. %A Toumbourou, John W. %A Hemphill, Sheryl A. %A Catalano, Richard F. %B Journal of Research on Adolescence %V 26 %P 902-917 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Prevention Science %D 2016 %T Planning for long-term follow-up: Strategies learned from longitudinal studies %A Hill, Karl G. %A Woodward, Danielle %A Woelfel, Tiffany %A Hawkins, J D %A Green, Sara %B Prevention Science %V 17 %P 806-818 %G eng %0 Web Page %D 2016 %T Positive youth development measurement toolkit. A practical guide for implementers of youth programs %A Hinson, Laura %A Kapungu, Chisina %A Jessee, Cassandra %A Skinner, Martie %A Bardini, Mark %A Evans-Whipp, Tracy %I YouthPower Learning, Making Cents International %C Washington, DC %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Addict Behav %D 2016 %T A preliminary evaluation of synthetic cannabinoid use among adolescent cannabis users: Characteristics and treatment outcomes. %A Blevins, Claire E %A Banes, Kelsey E %A Stephens, Robert S %A Walker, Denise D %A Roffman, Roger A %X

Little is known regarding the use of synthetic cannabinoids (SC), particularly use among adolescent substance users who may be at higher risk. The present exploratory study seeks to describe SC use and subjective effects among cannabis-using adolescents as well as compare the characteristics of cannabis users who do and do not use SC. Exploratory analyses evaluated cannabis treatment outcomes among SC users and non-users. Participants enrolled in a randomized, controlled intervention for cannabis-using high school students aged 14-19 (N=252) completed questionnaires regarding their use of SC and other substances. Those who used SC in the past 60days reported subjective effects of SC, consequences, and SC use disorder symptoms. Baseline characteristics, alcohol and other drug use, and treatment outcomes of SC users were compared to participants who never tried SC. Within this sample 29% had tried SC, and 6% used SC recently. Although most reported use at a relatively low rate, 43% of recent SC users reported SC use-disorder symptoms. Positive and negative subjective effects of SC were endorsed, with positive subjective effects reported more often. SC use was associated with more cannabis use, but not more alcohol or other (non-SC and non-cannabis) drug use. SC users did not differ from non-users on cannabis treatment outcomes. This exploratory study described SC use, and compared characteristics and treatment outcomes among SC users and non-users. Negative subjective effects of SC were reported as occurring less often, but SC use was associated with use disorder psychopathology. SC use was associated with more problematic cannabis use at baseline, but was not associated with use of other substances or differences in treatment outcome.

%B Addict Behav %V 63 %P 114-9 %8 2016 Dec %G eng %R 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.07.005 %0 Journal Article %J Subst Abus %D 2016 %T Prevalence of marijuana and other substance use before and after Washington State's change from legal medical marijuana to legal medical and nonmedical marijuana: Cohort comparisons in a sample of adolescents. %A Mason, W A %A Fleming, Charles B %A Ringle, Jay L %A Hanson, Koren %A Gross, Thomas J %A Haggerty, Kevin P %X

BACKGROUND: A growing number of states have new legislation extending prior legalization of medical marijuana by allowing nonmedical marijuana use for adults. The potential influence of this change in legislation on adolescent marijuana and other substance use (e.g., spillover or substitution effects) is uncertain. We capitalize on an ongoing study to explore the prevalence of marijuana and other substance use in 2 cohorts of adolescents who experienced the nonmedical marijuana law change in Washington State at different ages.

METHODS: Participants were 8th graders enrolled in targeted Tacoma, Washington public schools and recruited in 2 consecutive annual cohorts. The analysis sample was 238 students who completed a baseline survey in the 8th grade and a follow-up survey after the 9th grade. Between the 2 assessments, the second cohort experienced the Washington State nonmedical marijuana law change, whereas the first cohort did not. Self-report survey data on lifetime and past-month marijuana, cigarette, and alcohol use were collected.

RESULTS: Multivariate multilevel modeling showed that cohort differences in the likelihood of marijuana use were significantly different from those for cigarette and alcohol use at follow-up (adjusting for baseline substance initiation). Marijuana use was higher for the second cohort than the first cohort, but this difference was not statistically significant. Rates of cigarette and alcohol use were slightly lower in the second cohort than in the first cohort.

CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory study found that marijuana use was more prevalent among teens shortly after the transition from medical marijuana legalization only to medical and nonmedical marijuana legalization, although the difference between cohorts was not statistically significant. The findings also provided some evidence of substitution effects. The analytic technique used here may be useful for examining potential long-term effects of nonmedical marijuana laws on adolescent marijuana use and substitution or spillover effects in future studies.

%B Subst Abus %V 37 %P 330-5 %8 2016 Apr-Jun %G eng %N 2 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26252354?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1080/08897077.2015.1071723 %0 Book Section %B Marijuana and mental health %D 2016 %T Prevention of marijuana misuse: School-, family-, and community-based approaches %A Mason, W A %A Fleming, Charles B. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %E Compton, Michael T. %B Marijuana and mental health %I American Psychiatric Association Publishing %C Arlington, VA %P 199-225 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Facing Addiction in America: The Surgeon General’s Report on Alcohol, Drugs, and Health %D 2016 %T Prevention programs and policies (Chapter 3) %A Catalano, Richard F. %A Castro, F G %A Fagan, Abigail A. %A Greenberg, Mark T. %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %B Facing Addiction in America: The Surgeon General’s Report on Alcohol, Drugs, and Health %I U.S. Department of Health and Human Services %C Washington, DC %G eng %0 Journal Article %J American Journal of Preventive Medicine %D 2016 %T Primary health care: Potential home for family-focused preventive interventions %A Leslie, Laurel K. %A Mehus, Christopher J. %A Hawkins, J D %A Boat, Thomas %A McCabe, M A %A Barkin, Shari %A Perrin, Ellen %A Metzler, Carol %A Prado, Guillermo %A Tait, V. Fan %A Brown, Randall %A Beardslee, William %B American Journal of Preventive Medicine %V 51 %P S106-S118 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Child Youth Serv Rev %D 2016 %T Professional and youth perspectives on higher education-focused interventions for youth transitioning from foster care. %A Salazar, Amy M %A Roe, Stephanie S %A Ullrich, Jessica S %A Haggerty, Kevin P %X

Youth transitioning from foster care to adulthood access and succeed in college at much lower rates than the general population. A variety of services exist to support youth with their postsecondary goals, but few if any have evidence for their effectiveness. As part of a National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded intervention development project to design Fostering Higher Education, a structured, testable postsecondary access and retention intervention for youth transitioning from foster care to adulthood, focus groups were conducted with community stakeholders to collect recommendations for how to most effectively structure the intervention. Analyses of focus group findings resulted in four theme groups: (1) general recommendations for intervention development; (2) recommendations for an educational advocacy intervention component; (3) recommendations for a mentoring intervention component; and (4) recommendations for a substance abuse prevention intervention component. These themes offered a variety of important insights for developing interventions in a way that is usable for youth and feasible for communities to implement.

%B Child Youth Serv Rev %V 64 %P 23-34 %8 2016 May %G ENG %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27065508?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.02.027 %0 Journal Article %J Psycho-oncology %D 2016 %T Psychometric properties of the Cancer and Treatment Distress (CTXD) measure in hematopoietic cell transplantation patients %A K. L. Syrjala %A J. C. Yi %A S. L. Langer %X BACKGROUND: This study examines the psychometric properties of a measure of distress specific to cancer and its treatment, as tested in patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). METHODS: With multicenter enrollment, the Cancer and Treatment Distress (CTXD) measure was administered to adults beginning HCT as part of an assessment that included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD), Profile of Mood States, and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF-36). RESULTS: From eight transplant centers, 176 of 219 eligible patients completed the assessment. Average age was 46.7 years (SD = 11.9), 59% were male, and the majority were identified as Caucasian (93%). Principal components analysis with the CTXD identified 22 items that loaded onto six factors explaining 69% of the variance: uncertainty, health burden, identity, medical demands, finances, and family strain. Internal consistency reliability for the 22 items was 0.91. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve was 0.85 (95% CI [0.79, 0.91]), with a cut point of 1.1 resulting in a sensitivity rate of 0.91 and a specificity rate of 0.58. Convergent validity and divergent validity were confirmed with large correlations of the CTXD total score with the CESD, Profile of Mood States, and SF-36 mental health; and a smaller correlation with the SF-36 physical function (r = -0.30). CONCLUSIONS: The CTXD is a reliable and valid measure of distress for HCT recipients and captures nearly all cases of depression on the CESD in addition to detecting distress in those who are not depressed. It has potential value as both a research and clinical screening measure for distress. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. %B Psycho-oncology %V 25 %P 529-535 %8 May %@ 1099-1611; 1057-9249 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Health Promotion International %D 2016 %T Psychometric properties of the Iranian version of 'Communities That Care Youth Survey' %A Baheiraei, Azam %A Soltani, Farzaneh %A Ebadi, Abba %A Cheraghi, M A %A Foroushani, A R %A Catalano, Richard F. %B Health Promotion International %V 31 %P 59-72 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Evaluation and Program Planning %D 2016 %T Psychometric properties of the Transitions From Foster Care Key Leader Survey %A Salazar, Amy M. %A Brown, Eric C. %A Monahan, Kathryn C. %A Catalano, Richard F. %B Evaluation and Program Planning %V 55 %P 91-102 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J J Prim Prev %D 2015 %T Predictors of participation in parenting workshops for improving adolescent behavioral and mental health: Results from the Common Sense Parenting trial. %A Fleming, Charles B %A Mason, W A %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A Thompson, Ronald W %A Fernandez, Kate %A Casey-Goldstein, Mary %A Oats, Robert G %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Behavior %K Adult %K Ethnic Groups %K Family Characteristics %K Female %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Male %K Mental Health %K Parent-Child Relations %K Parenting %K Parents %K Poverty Areas %K Program Evaluation %K Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic %K Social Class %K Washington %X

Engaging and retaining participants are crucial to achieving adequate implementation of parenting interventions designed to prevent problem behaviors among children and adolescents. This study examined predictors of engagement and retention in a group-based family intervention across two versions of the program: a standard version requiring only parent attendance for six sessions and an adapted version with two additional sessions that required attendance by the son or daughter. Families included a parent and an eighth grader who attended one of five high-poverty schools in an urban Pacific Northwest school district. The adapted version of the intervention had a higher rate of engagement than the standard version, a difference that was statistically significant after adjusting for other variables assessed at enrollment in the study. Higher household income and parent education, younger student age, and poorer affective quality in the parent-child relationship predicted greater likelihood of initial attendance. In the adapted version of the intervention, parents of boys were more likely to engage with the program than those of girls. The variables considered did not strongly predict retention, although retention was higher among parents of boys. Retention did not significantly differ between conditions. Asking for child attendance at workshops may have increased engagement in the intervention, while findings for other predictors of attendance point to the need for added efforts to recruit families who have less socioeconomic resources, as well as families who perceive they have less need for services.

%B J Prim Prev %V 36 %P 105-18 %8 2015 Apr %G eng %N 2 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25656381?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1007/s10935-015-0386-3 %0 Journal Article %J J Teach Soc Work %D 2015 %T Preparing Emerging Doctoral Scholars for Transdisciplinary Research: A Developmental Approach. %A Kemp, Susan P %A Nurius, Paula S %X

Research models that bridge disciplinary, theoretical, and methodological boundaries are increasingly common as funders and the public push for timely, effective, collaborative responses to pressing social and environmental problems. Although social work is inherently an integrative discipline, there is growing recognition of the need to better prepare emerging scholars for sophisticated transdisciplinary and translational research environments. This paper outlines a developmental, competency-oriented approach to enhancing the readiness of doctoral students and emerging scholars in social work and allied disciplines for transdisciplinary research, describes an array of pedagogical tools applicable in doctoral course work and other program elements, and urges coordinated attention to enhancing the field's transdisciplinary training capacity.

%B J Teach Soc Work %V 35 %P 131-150 %8 2015 %G ENG %N 1-2 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26005286?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1080/08841233.2014.980929 %0 Journal Article %J Gerontologist %D 2014 %T Physical and mental health of transgender older adults: an at-risk and underserved population. %A Fredriksen-Goldsen, Karen I %A Cook-Daniels, Loree %A Kim, Hyun-Jun %A Erosheva, Elena A %A Emlet, Charles A %A Hoy-Ellis, Charles P %A Goldsen, Jayn %A Muraco, Anna %K Data Collection %K Health Status %K Humans %K Mental Health %K Middle Aged %K Risk Factors %K Transgender Persons %K Vulnerable Populations %X

PURPOSE: This study is one of the first to examine the physical and mental health of transgender older adults and to identify modifiable factors that account for health risks in this underserved population.

DESIGN AND METHODS: Utilizing data from a cross-sectional survey of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender older adults aged 50 and older (N = 2,560), we assessed direct and indirect effects of gender identity on 4 health outcomes (physical health, disability, depressive symptomatology, and perceived stress) based on a resilience conceptual framework.

RESULTS: Transgender older adults were at significantly higher risk of poor physical health, disability, depressive symptomatology, and perceived stress compared with nontransgender participants. We found significant indirect effects of gender identity on the health outcomes via fear of accessing health services, lack of physical activity, internalized stigma, victimization, and lack of social support; other mediators included obesity for physical health and disability, identity concealment for perceived stress, and community belonging for depressive symptomatology and perceived stress. Further analyses revealed that risk factors (victimization and stigma) explained the highest proportion of the total effect of gender identity on health outcomes.

IMPLICATIONS: The study identifies important modifiable factors (stigma, victimization, health-related behaviors, and social support) associated with health among transgender older adults. Reducing stigma and victimization and including gender identity in nondiscrimination and hate crime statutes are important steps to reduce health risks. Attention to bolstering individual and community-level social support must be considered when developing tailored interventions to address transgender older adults' distinct health and aging needs.

%B Gerontologist %V 54 %P 488-500 %8 2014 Jun %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1093/geront/gnt021 %0 Journal Article %J AIDS Behav %D 2014 %T Place and sexual partnership transition among young American Indian and Alaska native women. %A Pearson, Cynthia R %A Cassels, Susan %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Alaska %K Condoms %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Female %K Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Interpersonal Relations %K Life Style %K Population Surveillance %K Psychosexual Development %K Risk-Taking %K Self Efficacy %K Sexual Behavior %K Sexual Partners %K Social Behavior %K Social Class %K Social Environment %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Substance-Related Disorders %X

Multiple challenges expose American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) women to high-risk sexual partnerships and increased risk for HIV/STI. Using a unique sample of sexually-active young AIAN women (n = 129), we examined characteristics of last three partners and whether transitional partnerships were associated with different risk profiles, including where partners met, lived, and had sex. Respondents were more likely to have met their previous or current secondary partner (P2) at a friend's or family setting (versus work or social setting) (AOR = 3.92; 95 % CI 1.31, 11.70). Condom use was less likely when meeting a partner at friend's or family settings (AOR = 0.17; 95 % CI 0.05, 0.59). Sexual intercourse with P2 (compared to P1) usually took place in "riskier" settings such as a car, bar, or outside (AOR = 4.15; 95 % CI 1.59, 10.68). Perceived "safe" places, e.g., friend's or family's house, were identified with risky behaviors; thus, homogeneous messaging campaigns may promote a false sense of safety.

%B AIDS Behav %V 18 %P 1443-53 %8 2014 Aug %G eng %N 8 %R 10.1007/s10461-013-0667-x %0 Journal Article %J Research on Social Work Practice %D 2014 %T Practical reason within and across disciplinary borders: A response to Longhofer and Floersch %A Kemp, Susan P %A Nurius, Paula S %X

Longhofer and Floersch argue for more expansive thinking about the modes of social science research predominant in contemporary social work science. This commentary concurs with aspects of their article that we see as compatible both with social work aims and with current trends and imperatives in research and practice, including mixed methods and participatory studies, translational research, the scholarship of engagement, and rapidly emerging interest in collective impact. At the same time, it encourages the authors to extend their analyses by grounding them more thoroughly in the specifics of contemporary social work research, encouraging collective dialogue about the implications of their proposals, and recognizing that contemporary transdisciplinary and translational research endeavors are typically more fully aligned with these proposals than this article allows.

%B Research on Social Work Practice %V 24 %P 1049731513509898 %G eng %N 5 %& 527 %0 Journal Article %J Prev Sci %D 2014 %T Prevalence and community variation in harmful levels of family conflict witnessed by children: implications for prevention. %A Habib, Cherine %A Toumbourou, John W %A McRitchie, Martin %A Williams, Joanne %A Kremer, Peter %A McKenzie, Dean %A Catalano, Richard F %K Adolescent %K Australia %K Child %K Depression %K Family Conflict %K Female %K Health Promotion %K Humans %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Prevalence %K Risk Factors %K Surveys and Questionnaires %X

Children's reports of high family conflict consistently predict poor outcomes. The study identified criteria for high family conflict based on prospective prediction of increased risk for childhood depression. These criteria were subsequently used to establish the prevalence of high family conflict in Australian communities and to identify community correlates suitable for targeting prevention programs. Study 1 utilised a longitudinal design. Grade 6 and 8 students completed a family conflict scale (from the widely used Communities That Care survey) in 2003 and depression symptomotology were evaluated at a 1-year follow-up (International Youth Development Study, N = 1,798). Receiver-operating characteristic analysis yielded a cut-off point on a family conflict score with depression symptomatology as a criterion variable. A cut-off score of 2.5 or more (on a scale of 1 to 4) correctly identified 69 % with depression symptomology, with a specificity of 77.2 % and sensitivity at 44.3 %. Study 2 used data from an Australian national survey of Grade 6 and 8 children (Healthy Neighbourhoods Study, N = 8,256). Prevalence estimates were calculated, and multivariate logistic regression with multi-level modelling was used to establish factors associated with community variation in family conflict levels. Thirty-three percent of Australian children in 2006 were exposed to levels of family conflict that are likely to increase their future risk for depression. Significant community correlates for elevated family conflict included Indigenous Australian identification, socioeconomic disadvantage, urban and state location, maternal absence and paternal unemployment. The analysis provides indicators for targeting family-level mental health promotion programs.

%B Prev Sci %V 15 %P 757-66 %8 2014 Oct %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1007/s11121-013-0416-4 %0 Journal Article %J Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol %D 2014 %T Prevalence and risk factors for self-reported violence of Osaka and Seattle male youths. %A Bui, Laura %A Farrington, David P %A Ueda, Mitsuaki %A Hill, Karl G %X

Traditionally, Japan has been regarded as a country with low crime. Comparative research has given insights into the extent of similarities and differences in crime between America and Japan. The importance of these studies is the examination of whether Western-established criminological knowledge is applicable to non-Western societies like Japan. Unfortunately, comparative self-report studies involving Japan and investigating youth offending are scarce. The current study investigates risk factors and self-reports of violence from Osaka and Seattle male youths. The findings reveal that Japanese male youths self-report a higher prevalence of violence than Seattle male youths. Risk factors for violence, issues of comparability, and prevalence versus strength of relationships of risk factors are examined. It is concluded that the higher prevalence of violence in Osaka is primarily a function of the higher prevalence of troubled peers and risk taking. The findings call for replication of this type of comparative research.

%B Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol %V 58 %P 1540-57 %8 2014 Dec %G eng %N 12 %R 10.1177/0306624X13501472 %0 Journal Article %J Prev Sci %D 2014 %T Prevention system mediation of Communities That Care effects on youth outcomes %A Brown, Eric C %A Hawkins, J D %A Rhew, Isaac C %A Shapiro, Valerie B %A Abbott, Robert D %A Oesterle, Sabrina %A Arthur, Michael W %A Briney, John S %A Catalano, Richard F %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Behavior %K Child %K Female %K Humans %K Juvenile Delinquency %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Negotiating %K Residence Characteristics %K Social Welfare %K Social Work %K Substance-Related Disorders %K United States %X

This study examined whether the significant intervention effects of the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system on youth problem behaviors observed in a panel of eighth-grade students (Hawkins et al. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 163:789-798 2009) were mediated by community-level prevention system constructs posited in the CTC theory of change. Potential prevention system constructs included the community's degree of (a) adoption of a science-based approach to prevention, (b) collaboration on prevention activities, (c) support for prevention, and (d) norms against adolescent drug use as reported by key community leaders in 24 communities. Higher levels of community adoption of a science-based approach to prevention and support for prevention in 2004 predicted significantly lower levels of youth problem behaviors in 2007, and higher levels of community norms against adolescent drug use predicted lower levels of youth drug use in 2007. Effects of the CTC intervention on youth problem behaviors by the end of eighth grade were mediated fully by community adoption of a science-based approach to prevention. No other significant mediated effects were found. Results support CTC's theory of change that encourages communities to adopt a science-based approach to prevention as a primary mechanism for improving youth outcomes.

%B Prev Sci %V 15 %P 623-32 %8 2014 Oct %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1007/s11121-013-0413-7 %0 Journal Article %J AIDS Behav %D 2014 %T Prospective predictors of unprotected anal intercourse among HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men initiating antiretroviral therapy. %A Pantalone, David W %A Huh, David %A Nelson, Kimberly M %A Pearson, Cynthia R %A Simoni, Jane M %K Adult %K Anti-HIV Agents %K Drug Administration Schedule %K Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice %K HIV Infections %K HIV Seropositivity %K Homosexuality, Male %K Humans %K Interviews as Topic %K Latin America %K Logistic Models %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Prospective Studies %K Sexual Behavior %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Stress, Psychological %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K Unsafe Sex %K Vulnerable Populations %K Washington %K Young Adult %X

Contemporary HIV prevention efforts are increasingly focused on those already living with HIV/AIDS (i.e., "prevention with positives"). Key to these initiatives is research identifying the most risky behavioral targets. Using a longitudinal design, we examined socio-demographic and psychosocial factors that prospectively predicted unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) in a sample of 134 HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men (MSM) initiating, changing, or re-starting an antiretroviral therapy regimen as part of a behavioral intervention study. Computer-based questionnaires were given at baseline and 6 months. In a sequential logistic regression, baseline measures of UAI (step 1), socio-demographic factors such as Latino ethnicity (step 2), and psychosocial factors such as crystal methamphetamine use, greater life stress, and lower trait anxiety (step 3) were predictors of UAI at 6 months. Problem drinking was not a significant predictor. Prevention efforts among MSM living with HIV/AIDS might focus on multiple psychosocial targets, like decreasing their crystal methamphetamine use and teaching coping skills to deal with life stress.

%B AIDS Behav %V 18 %P 78-87 %8 2014 Jan %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1007/s10461-013-0477-1 %0 Journal Article %J Violence Vict %D 2013 %T Parent and peer predictors of violent behavior of Black and White teens. %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A Skinner, Martie L %A McGlynn-Wright, Anne %A Catalano, Richard F %A Crutchfield, Robert D %K Adolescent %K African Continental Ancestry Group %K European Continental Ancestry Group %K Factor Analysis, Statistical %K Female %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Male %K Models, Psychological %K Parenting %K Peer Group %K Poverty %K Prospective Studies %K Risk Factors %K Violence %K Washington %X

This study examines the role that parenting and deviant peers play on frequency of self-reported violent behavior in the 10th grade while testing race differences in mean levels and impact of these risk and protective factors. The level and impact of family and peer factors on violent behavior across race are modeled prospectively from 8th to 10th grade in a sample of 331 (Black [n = 163], White [n = 168]) families from Seattle, Washington, using data from self-administered computer-assisted questionnaires. Mean-level differences indicated greater levels of violent behavior and risk for Black teens in some cases and higher protection in others. Multiple-group structural equation modeling indicated no race differences in predictors of teen violence. Income was also predictive of violent behavior, but analyses including both income and race indicated their relationships to violence overlapped so neither was uniquely predictive. Subsequent logistic regressions revealed that both race and income differences in violent behavior were mediated by association with friends who get in serious trouble at school. We conclude that higher rates of self-reported violent behavior by Blacks compared to Whites are attributable to lower family income and higher rates of associating with deviant peers at school.

%B Violence Vict %V 28 %P 145-60 %8 2013 %G eng %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J J Stud Alcohol Drugs %D 2013 %T Patterns of alcohol use and expectancies predict sexual risk taking among non-problem drinking women. %A Stappenbeck, Cynthia A %A Norris, Jeanette %A Kiekel, Preston A %A Morrison, Diane M %A George, William H %A Davis, Kelly Cue %A Zawacki, Tina %A Jacques-Tiura, Angela J %A Abdallah, Devon Alisa %K Adult %K Alcohol Drinking %K Data Collection %K Female %K Humans %K Risk-Taking %K Sexual Behavior %K Sexual Partners %K Young Adult %X

OBJECTIVE: Although alcohol consumption and sexual risk taking are associated, not everyone who drinks alcohol engages in risky sexual behavior. The purposes of the present study were to identify patterns of alcohol use behaviors and alcohol expectancies among women who are non-problem drinkers and to examine how these patterns are associated with indices of sexual risk.

METHOD: Data from 758 non-problem drinking women who have sex with men and were not in committed relationships were analyzed using latent profile analysis to determine patterns of alcohol use and alcohol-related expectancies.

RESULTS: Of the four patterns observed, three classes had similar alcohol-related expectancies but differed with respect to drinking behavior (moderate drinking, regular heavy episodes, and frequent heavy episodes), and the fourth class consisted of moderate drinkers with low expectancies (low expectancies). Results revealed that those in the frequent heavy episodes class had the greatest number of sexual partners in the past year and drank the most alcohol before having sex compared with the other women. Both the regular and frequent heavy episodes classes reported greater likelihood of having unprotected sex in the future, more positive beliefs about casual sex, and greater subjective intoxication before having sex than women in the moderate drinking or low expectancies classes. Women in the low expectancies class reported less positive beliefs about condoms than those in the moderate drinking and regular heavy episodes classes.

CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that different patterns of expectancies and drinking behaviors are associated with different indices of sexual risk taking and highlight the importance of individually tailored programs for prevention of sexually transmitted infections.

%B J Stud Alcohol Drugs %V 74 %P 223-32 %8 2013 Mar %G eng %N 2 %0 Journal Article %J Trauma Violence Abuse %D 2013 %T Person-environment interactions and the shaping of resilience. %A Herrenkohl, Todd I %K Adult %K Child %K Child Abuse %K Humans %K Psychological Techniques %K Resilience, Psychological %K Social Environment %K Social Support %B Trauma Violence Abuse %V 14 %P 191-4 %8 2013 Jul %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1177/1524838013491035 %0 Journal Article %J Gerontologist %D 2013 %T The physical and mental health of lesbian, gay male, and bisexual (LGB) older adults: the role of key health indicators and risk and protective factors. %A Fredriksen-Goldsen, Karen I %A Emlet, Charles A %A Kim, Hyun-Jun %A Muraco, Anna %A Erosheva, Elena A %A Goldsen, Jayn %A Hoy-Ellis, Charles P %K Aged %K Aged, 80 and over %K Bisexuality %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Depression %K Female %K Health Behavior %K Health Services Accessibility %K Health Status %K Health Status Indicators %K Homosexuality, Female %K Homosexuality, Male %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Male %K Mental Health %K Middle Aged %K Minority Health %K Quality of Life %K Resilience, Psychological %K Risk Factors %K Social Stigma %K Social Support %K Socioeconomic Factors %X

PURPOSE: Based on resilience theory, this paper investigates the influence of key health indicators and risk and protective factors on health outcomes (including general health, disability, and depression) among lesbian, gay male, and bisexual (LGB) older adults.

DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with LGB older adults, aged 50 and older (N = 2,439). Logistic regressions were conducted to examine the contributions of key health indicators (access to health care and health behaviors), risk factors (lifetime victimization, internalized stigma, and sexual identity concealment), and protective factors (social support and social network size) to health outcomes, when controlling for background characteristics.

RESULTS: The findings revealed that lifetime victimization, financial barriers to health care, obesity, and limited physical activity independently and significantly accounted for poor general health, disability, and depression among LGB older adults. Internalized stigma was also a significant predictor of disability and depression. Social support and social network size served as protective factors, decreasing the odds of poor general health, disability, and depression. Some distinct differences by gender and sexual orientation were also observed.

IMPLICATIONS: High levels of poor general health, disability, and depression among LGB older adults are of major concern. These findings highlight the important role of key risk and protective factors, which significantly influences health outcomes among LGB older adults. Tailored interventions must be developed to address the distinct health issues facing this historically disadvantaged population.

%B Gerontologist %V 53 %P 664-75 %8 2013 Aug %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1093/geront/gns123 %0 Journal Article %J Addiction %D 2013 %T Predicting steep escalations in alcohol use over the teenage years: Age-related variations in key social influences. %A Chan, G C K %A Kelly, Adrian B %A Toumbourou, John W %A Hemphill, Sheryl A %A Young, R M %A Haynes, Michele A %A Catalano, Richard F %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Behavior %K Age Factors %K Alcohol Drinking %K Attitude %K Child %K Female %K Humans %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Nuclear Family %K Peer Group %K Risk Factors %K Schools %K Self Report %K Social Environment %K Students %K Victoria %X

AIMS: This study examined how family, peer and school factors are related to different trajectories of adolescent alcohol use at key developmental periods.

DESIGN: Latent class growth analysis was used to identify trajectories based on five waves of data (from grade 6, age 12 to grade 11, age 17), with predictors at grades 5, 7 and 9 included as covariates.

SETTING: Adolescents completed surveys during school hours.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 808 students in Victoria, Australia.

MEASUREMENTS: Alcohol use trajectories were based on self-reports of 30-day frequency of alcohol use. Predictors included sibling alcohol use, attachment to parents, parental supervision, parental attitudes favourable to adolescent alcohol use, peer alcohol use and school commitment.

FINDINGS: A total of 8.2% showed steep escalation in alcohol use. Relative to non-users, steep escalators were predicted by age-specific effects for low school commitment at grade 7 (P = 0.031) and parental attitudes at grade 5 (P = 0.003), and age-generalized effects for sibling alcohol use (Ps = 0.001, 0.012, 0.033 at grades 5, 7 and 9, respectively) and peer alcohol use (Ps = 0.041, < 0.001, < 0.001 at grades 5, 7 and 9, respectively). Poor parental supervision was associated with steep escalators at grade 9 (P < 0.001) but not the other grades. Attachment to parents was unrelated to alcohol trajectories.

CONCLUSIONS: Parental disapproval of alcohol use before transition to high school, low school commitment at transition to high school, and sibling and peer alcohol use during adolescence are associated with a higher risk of steep escalations in alcohol use.

%B Addiction %V 108 %P 1924-32 %8 2013 Nov %G eng %N 11 %R 10.1111/add.12295 %0 Journal Article %J J Gerontol Soc Work %D 2013 %T Preparing social workers with person-centered and participant-directed services for the changing aging and disability network. %A Hooyman, Nancy R %A Mahoney, Kevin %A Sciegaj, Mark %K Aged %K Aging %K Health Services for the Aged %K Humans %K Needs Assessment %K Patient-Centered Care %K Problem-Based Learning %K Professional Competence %K Social Support %K Social Work %B J Gerontol Soc Work %V 56 %P 573-9 %8 2013 %G eng %N 7 %R 10.1080/01634372.2013.837296 %0 Journal Article %J Med Care %D 2013 %T Prevalence, risk, and correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder across ethnic and racial minority groups in the United States. %A Alegría, Margarita %A Fortuna, Lisa R %A Lin, Julia Y %A Norris, Fran H %A Gao, Shan %A Takeuchi, David T %A Jackson, James S %A Shrout, Patrick E %A Valentine, Anne %K Adolescent %K Adult %K African Americans %K Aged %K Asian Americans %K Continental Population Groups %K Ethnic Groups %K Female %K Hispanic Americans %K Humans %K Male %K Mental Disorders %K Middle Aged %K Patient Acuity %K Prevalence %K Risk Factors %K Social Support %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic %K United States %K Young Adult %X

OBJECTIVES: We assess whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) varies in prevalence, diagnostic criteria endorsement, and type and frequency of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) among a nationally representative US sample of 5071 non-Latino whites, 3264 Latinos, 2178 Asians, 4249 African Americans, and 1476 Afro-Caribbeans.

METHODS: PTSD and other psychiatric disorders were evaluated using the World Mental Health-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) in a national household sample that oversampled ethnic/racial minorities (n=16,238) but was weighted to produce results representative of the general population.

RESULTS: Asians have lower prevalence rates of probable lifetime PTSD, whereas African Americans have higher rates as compared with non-Latino whites, even after adjusting for type and number of exposures to traumatic events, and for sociodemographic, clinical, and social support factors. Afro-Caribbeans and Latinos seem to demonstrate similar risk to non-Latino whites, adjusting for these same covariates. Higher rates of probable PTSD exhibited by African Americans and lower rates for Asians, as compared with non-Latino whites, do not appear related to differential symptom endorsement, differences in risk or protective factors, or differences in types and frequencies of PTEs across groups.

CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be marked differences in conditional risk of probable PTSD across ethnic/racial groups. Questions remain about what explains risk of probable PTSD. Several factors that might account for these differences are discussed, as well as the clinical implications of our findings. Uncertainty of the PTSD diagnostic assessment for Latinos and Asians requires further evaluation.

%B Med Care %V 51 %P 1114-23 %8 2013 Dec %G eng %N 12 %R 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000007 %0 Journal Article %J J Child Serv %D 2013 %T Promising Parenting Programs for Reducing Adolescent Problem Behaviors. %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A McGlynn-Wright, Anne %A Klima, Tali %X

PURPOSE: Adolescent problem behaviors (substance use, delinquency, school dropout, pregnancy, and violence) are costly not only for individuals, but for entire communities. Policymakers and practitioners that are interested in preventing these problem behaviors are faced with many programming options. In this review, we discuss two criteria for selecting relevant parenting programs, and provide five examples of such programs.

DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The first criterion for program selection is theory based. Well-supported theories, such as the social development model, have laid out key family-based risk and protective factors for problem behavior. Programs that target these risk and protective factors are more likely to be effective. Second, programs should have demonstrated efficacy; these interventions have been called "evidence-based programs" (EBP). This review highlights the importance of evidence from rigorous research designs, such as randomized clinical trials, in order to establish program efficacy.

FINDINGS: Nurse-Family Partnership, The Incredible Years, Positive Parenting Program, Strengthening Families 10-14, and Staying Connected with Your Teen are examined. The unique features of each program are briefly presented. Evidence showing impact on family risk and protective factors, as well as long-term problem behaviors, is reviewed. Finally, a measure of cost effectiveness of each program is provided.

ORIGINALITY/VALUE: We propose that not all programs are of equal value, and suggest two simple criteria for selecting a parenting program with a high likelihood for positive outcomes. Furthermore, although this review is not exhaustive, the five examples of EBPs offer a good start for policymakers and practitioners seeking to implement effective programs in their communities. Thus, this paper offers practical suggestions for those grappling with investments in child and adolescent programs on the ground.

%B J Child Serv %V 8 %8 2013 %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1108/JCS-04-2013-0016 %0 Journal Article %J J Soc Work End Life Palliat Care %D 2012 %T Palliative care in the pediatric ICU: challenges and opportunities for family-centered practice. %A Doorenbos, Ardith %A Lindhorst, Taryn %A Starks, Helene %A Aisenberg, Eugene %A Curtis, J Randall %A Hays, Ross %K Child %K Humans %K Intensive Care Units, Pediatric %K Palliative Care %K Patient Care Team %K Patient Transfer %K Patient-Centered Care %K Pediatrics %K Professional Role %K Professional-Family Relations %K Terminal Care %K United States %X

The culture of pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) is focused on curative or life-prolonging treatments for seriously ill children. We present empirically-based approaches to family-centered palliative care that can be applied in PICUs. Palliative care in these settings is framed by larger issues related to the context of care in PICUs, the stressors experienced by families, and challenges to palliative care philosophy within this environment. Innovations from research on family-centered communication practices in adult ICU settings provide a framework for development of palliative care in PICUs and suggest avenues for social work support of critically ill children and their families.

%B J Soc Work End Life Palliat Care %V 8 %P 297-315 %8 2012 %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1080/15524256.2012.732461 %0 Journal Article %J J Community Psychol %D 2012 %T Pathways From School Suspension to Adolescent Nonviolent Antisocial Behavior in Students in Victoria, Australia and Washington State, United States. %A Hemphill, Sheryl A %A Herrenkohl, Todd I %A Plenty, Stephanie M %A Toumbourou, John W %A Catalano, Richard F %A McMorris, Barbara J %X

School suspension is associated with school drop-out, crime, delinquency, and alcohol and other drug use for the suspended student. Important research questions are how academic and related factors are relevant to the school suspension process and the generality of the process in different sites. State representative samples of Grade 7 students (N = 1,945) in Washington State, United States and Victoria, Australia were followed from 2002 to 2004. In both states, Grade 7 school suspension was associated with higher rates of nonviolent antisocial behavior and suspension 24 months later, before Grade 8 factors were entered into the model. Relevant factors were Grade 8 low school grades and association with antisocial peers, as well as Grade 8 antisocial behavior in Washington State only. The implications of these findings for the ways in which suspension is used in schools are outlined.

%B J Community Psychol %V 40 %P 301-318 %8 2012 Apr 1 %G eng %N 3 %0 Journal Article %J J Prim Prev %D 2012 %T Predictive validity of established cut points for risk and protective factor scales from the Communities That Care youth survey %A Briney, John S %A Brown, Eric C %A Hawkins, J D %A Arthur, Michael W %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Behavior %K Child %K Factor Analysis, Statistical %K Forecasting %K Health Care Coalitions %K Humans %K Juvenile Delinquency %K Risk Assessment %K Risk Factors %K Risk Reduction Behavior %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Surveys and Questionnaires %X

Community coalitions are a popular strategy to coordinate activities and resources to prevent adolescent substance use and delinquent behavior. Despite early evidence of their lack of effectiveness, a new generation of community coalitions has shown positive results in preventing youth substance use and delinquency. This success can be attributed to coalition decision making focused on reducing local risk factors and increasing local protective factors through the use of evidence-based prevention programs. A previous study using cross-sectional data established cut point values for scales measuring risk and protective factors on the Communities That Care Youth Survey (CTCYS) to identify high levels of risk and low levels of protection in communities on each scale. The current study extended this previous research by using longitudinal data to assess the validity of risk and protective factor cut point values in predicting substance use and delinquent behavior 1 year after risk and protection were measured. The findings demonstrate the predictive validity of cut points for risk and protective factor scales measured by the CTCYS and suggest their utility in guiding prevention efforts.

%B J Prim Prev %V 33 %P 249-58 %8 2012 Dec %G eng %N 5-6 %R 10.1007/s10935-012-0280-1 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Orthopsychiatry %D 2012 %T Predictors and responses to the growth in physical violence during adolescence: a comparison of students in Washington State and Victoria, Australia. %A Herrenkohl, Todd I %A Hemphill, Sheryl A %A Mason, W A %A Toumbourou, John W %A Catalano, Richard F %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Behavior %K Australia %K Child %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Female %K Humans %K Male %K Models, Psychological %K Risk Factors %K Students %K Victoria %K Violence %K Washington %X

This study investigates patterns in violence over 3 time points in early- to mid-adolescence in 2 statewide representative samples of youth, one in Washington State, USA, and the other in Victoria, Australia. Comparable data collection methods in both states were used to cross-nationally compare patterns of violence, risk factors, and responses to violence (school suspensions and arrests) in 2 policy contexts. Risk factors include early use of alcohol, binge drinking, involvement with antisocial peers, family conflict, poor family management, sensation seeking, and bully victimization. These are modeled as correlates of initial violence and predictors of change in violence over a 3-year period, from ages 12-15, for participating youth. Results suggest that patterns and predictors of violence are mostly similar in the 2 states. Initial levels of violence (age 13) and change over time in violence were associated in both states with more youth school suspensions and more police arrests in Grade 9. Some cross-national differences were also shown. For example, correlations of violence with gender and violence with binge drinking were stronger in Victoria, whereas correlations of violence with early use of alcohol and with antisocial peer involvement were stronger in Washington State. Antisocial peer involvement and family conflict were significant predictors of a gradual increase in violence from Grades 7-9 for youth in Victoria only. Implications are discussed with attention to prevention and intervention efforts.

%B Am J Orthopsychiatry %V 82 %P 41-9 %8 2012 Jan %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2011.01139.x %0 Journal Article %J Addiction %D 2012 %T Primary outcome indices in illicit drug dependence treatment research: systematic approach to selection and measurement of drug use end-points in clinical trials. %A Donovan, Dennis M %A Bigelow, George E %A Brigham, Gregory S %A Carroll, Kathleen M %A Cohen, Allan J %A Gardin, John G %A Hamilton, John A %A Huestis, Marilyn A %A Hughes, John R %A Lindblad, Robert %A Marlatt, G Alan %A Preston, Kenzie L %A Selzer, Jeffrey A %A Somoza, Eugene C %A Wakim, Paul G %A Wells, Elizabeth A %K Alcoholism %K Biomedical Research %K Clinical Trials as Topic %K Consensus %K Endpoint Determination %K Humans %K Self Report %K Street Drugs %K Substance Abuse Detection %K Substance Withdrawal Syndrome %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Tobacco Use Disorder %K Treatment Outcome %X

AIMS: Clinical trials test the safety and efficacy of behavioral and pharmacological interventions in drug-dependent individuals. However, there is no consensus about the most appropriate outcome(s) to consider in determining treatment efficacy or on the most appropriate methods for assessing selected outcome(s). We summarize the discussion and recommendations of treatment and research experts, convened by the US National Institute on Drug Abuse, to select appropriate primary outcomes for drug dependence treatment clinical trials, and in particular the feasibility of selecting a common outcome to be included in all or most trials.

METHODS: A brief history of outcomes employed in prior drug dependence treatment research, incorporating perspectives from tobacco and alcohol research, is included. The relative merits and limitations of focusing on drug-taking behavior, as measured by self-report and qualitative or quantitative biological markers, are evaluated.

RESULTS: Drug-taking behavior, measured ideally by a combination of self-report and biological indicators, is seen as the most appropriate proximal primary outcome in drug dependence treatment clinical trials.

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the most appropriate outcome will vary as a function of salient variables inherent in the clinical trial, such as the type of intervention, its target, treatment goals (e.g. abstinence or reduction of use) and the perspective being taken (e.g. researcher, clinical program, patient, society). It is recommended that a decision process, based on such trial variables, be developed to guide the selection of primary and secondary outcomes as well as the methods to assess them.

%B Addiction %V 107 %P 694-708 %8 2012 Apr %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03473.x %0 Journal Article %J Health Educ Res %D 2012 %T Process and outcome constructs for evaluating community-based participatory research projects: a matrix of existing measures. %A Sandoval, Jennifer A %A Lucero, Julie %A Oetzel, John %A Avila, Magdalena %A Belone, Lorenda %A Mau, Marjorie %A Pearson, Cynthia %A Tafoya, Greg %A Duran, Bonnie %A Iglesias Rios, Lisbeth %A Wallerstein, Nina %K Community-Based Participatory Research %K Forecasting %K Group Processes %K Humans %K Models, Theoretical %K Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care) %K Reproducibility of Results %K Research Design %X

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been widely used in public health research in the last decade as an approach to develop culturally centered interventions and collaborative research processes in which communities are directly involved in the construction and implementation of these interventions and in other application of findings. Little is known, however, about CBPR pathways of change and how these academic-community collaborations may contribute to successful outcomes. A new health CBPR conceptual model (Wallerstein N, Oetzel JG, Duran B et al. CBPR: What predicts outcomes? In: Minkler M, Wallerstein N (eds). Communication Based Participatory Research, 2nd edn. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Co., 2008) suggests that relationships between four components: context, group dynamics, the extent of community-centeredness in intervention and/or research design and the impact of these participatory processes on CBPR system change and health outcomes. This article seeks to identify instruments and measures in a comprehensive literature review that relates to these distinct components of the CBPR model and to present them in an organized and indexed format for researcher use. Specifically, 258 articles were identified in a review of CBPR (and related) literature from 2002 to 2008. Based on this review and from recommendations of a national advisory board, 46 CBPR instruments were identified and each was reviewed and coded using the CBPR logic model. The 46 instruments yielded 224 individual measures of characteristics in the CBPR model. While this study does not investigate the quality of the instruments, it does provide information about reliability and validity for specific measures. Group dynamics proved to have the largest number of identified measures, while context and CBPR system and health outcomes had the least. Consistent with other summaries of instruments, such as Granner and Sharpe's inventory (Granner ML, Sharpe PA. Evaluating community coalition characteristics and functioning: a summary of measurement tools. Health Educ Res 2004; 19: 514-32), validity and reliability information were often lacking, and one or both were only available for 65 of the 224 measures. This summary of measures provides a place to start for new and continuing partnerships seeking to evaluate their progress.

%B Health Educ Res %V 27 %P 680-90 %8 2012 Aug %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1093/her/cyr087 %0 Journal Article %J J Prim Prev %D 2012 %T Project həli?dx(w)/Healthy Hearts Across Generations: development and evaluation design of a tribally based cardiovascular disease prevention intervention for American Indian families. %A Walters, Karina L %A LaMarr, June %A Levy, Rona L %A Pearson, Cynthia %A Maresca, Teresa %A Mohammed, Selina A %A Simoni, Jane M %A Evans-Campbell, Teresa %A Fredriksen-Goldsen, Karen %A Fryberg, Sheryl %A Jobe, Jared B %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Body Mass Index %K Cardiovascular Diseases %K Community-Based Participatory Research %K Community-Institutional Relations %K Cultural Competency %K Family Relations %K Humans %K Indians, North American %K Inuits %K Life Style %K Male %K Motivational Interviewing %K Northwestern United States %K Parents %K Risk Factors %K Young Adult %X

American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) populations are disproportionately at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and obesity, compared with the general US population. This article describes the həli?dx(w)/Healthy Hearts Across Generations project, an AIAN-run, tribally based randomized controlled trial (January 2010-June 2012) designed to evaluate a culturally appropriate CVD risk prevention program for AI parents residing in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. At-risk AIAN adults (n = 135) were randomly assigned to either a CVD prevention intervention arm or a comparison arm focusing on increasing family cohesiveness, communication, and connectedness. Both year-long conditions included 1 month of motivational interviewing counseling followed by personal coach contacts and family life-skills classes. Blood chemistry, blood pressure, body mass index, food intake, and physical activity were measured at baseline and at 4- and 12-month follow-up times.

%B J Prim Prev %V 33 %P 197-207 %8 2012 Aug %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1007/s10935-012-0274-z %0 Journal Article %J Child Youth Serv Rev %D 2012 %T Promoting relationship building and connection: Adapting an evidence-based parenting program for families involved in the child welfare system %A Storer, Heather L %A Barkan, Susan E %A Sherman, Emma L %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A Mattos, Leah M %X

The high needs of youth involved in the child welfare system and the poor long-term outcomes of former foster youth represent a significant systemic challenge. As part of a process to adapt an evidence-based parenting program for a child welfare population, we conducted a series of focus groups with child welfare staff, foster caregivers, and young adults who were involved in the foster system as teens. From these focus groups we learned that, although there is a need for evidence-based parenting programs for families involved in the child welfare setting, one of the significant barriers to program implementation is the lack of meaningful connection between caregivers and youth in their care. We will provide an in-depth discussion on the proposed adaptations to make Staying Connected more relevant for foster families, including the addition of skills training to help overcome some of the barriers to connection. Staying Connected holds the promise of cultivating more supportive home environments that have the capacity to nurture youths' healthy development, including the avoidance of high-risk behaviors.

%B Child Youth Serv Rev %V 34 %8 2012 Sep 1 %G eng %N 9 %R 10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.05.017 %0 Journal Article %J Violence Vict %D 2012 %T A prospective investigation of the relationship between child maltreatment and indicators of adult psychological well-being. %A Herrenkohl, Todd I %A Klika, J B %A Herrenkohl, Roy C %A Russo, M J %A Dee, Tamara %K Adaptation, Psychological %K Adult %K Adult Survivors of Child Abuse %K Anger %K Child %K Child Abuse %K Female %K Happiness %K Humans %K Interpersonal Relations %K Male %K Personal Satisfaction %K Prospective Studies %K Risk Factors %K Self Concept %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Survivors %X

The study of psychological well-being will advance understanding of child maltreatment effects and resilience processes. In this study, the mean level of anger in adulthood was significantly higher for those identified three decades earlier as having been maltreated. Mean levels of self-esteem, autonomy, purpose in life, perceived (fewer) constraints, and happiness and satisfaction were lower for those who were maltreated according to child welfare reports. Officially recorded child maltreatment was moderately (r < .30) correlated with several psychological well-being indicators and predictive of adult anger, self-esteem, autonomy, and happiness/life satisfaction after accounting for childhood socioeconomic status (SES), gender, and other sources of data on child abuse and neglect. Parent-reported abusive disciplining also uniquely predicted several outcomes, as did a measure of observed child neglect to a lesser extent.

%B Violence Vict %V 27 %P 764-76 %8 2012 %G eng %N 5 %0 Journal Article %J J Adolesc Health %D 2011 %T Positive childhood experiences and positive adult functioning: Prosocial continuity and the role of adolescent substance use. %A Kosterman, Rick %A Mason, W A %A Haggerty, Kevin P %A Hawkins, J D %A Spoth, Richard %A Redmond, Cleve %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Development %K Adult %K Child %K Efficiency %K Exercise %K Female %K Humans %K Interpersonal Relations %K Male %K Parent-Child Relations %K Parenting %K Rural Population %K Social Responsibility %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Young Adult %X

PURPOSE: To examine positive childhood experiences as predictors of positive adult functioning, including civic involvement, productivity and responsibility, interpersonal connection, and physical exercise; and to examine adolescent substance use as a mediator of prosocial continuity.

METHODS: A total of 429 rural participants were interviewed across seven waves from age 11 to 22 years. Structural equation models examined the relationship between positive childhood experiences and adult functioning, with adolescent substance use added to each model as a possible mediating mechanism.

RESULTS: Positive childhood experiences predicted significantly better adult functioning for each model, even after accounting for adolescent substance use. Positive childhood experiences also consistently predicted significantly less adolescent substance use. In turn, adolescent substance use predicted significantly less civic involvement and less productivity and responsibility, but was not associated with interpersonal connection or physical exercise when accounting for childhood experiences. Results were largely consistent across gender and levels of family income.

CONCLUSION: Findings show the enduring importance of positive childhood experiences in predicting positive functioning in early adulthood. Although adolescent substance use increased risk for poorer functioning in important domains of adult life, results suggest that positive experiences in late childhood continued to have a significant prosocial effect into young adulthood. The study also highlights the late elementary grades as a time when parents, teachers, and others can potentially have a large influence in proactively providing prosocial opportunities for children.

%B J Adolesc Health %V 49 %P 180-6 %8 2011 Aug %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.11.244 %0 Journal Article %J Child Welfare %D 2011 %T Posttraumatic stress disorder among foster care alumni: the role of race, gender, and foster care context. %A Jackson, Lovie J %A O'Brien, Kirk %A Pecora, Peter J %K Adult %K Adult Survivors of Child Abuse %K African Americans %K European Continental Ancestry Group %K Female %K Foster Home Care %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Social Class %K Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic %K Time %K Young Adult %X

Little is known about the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adult alumni of foster care and its demographic and contextual correlates. This is one of the first studies to report on racial/ethnic and gender differences and the influence of foster care experiences (i.e., revictimization during foster care, placement change rate, and placement in kinship care) on past year PTSD. Findings revealed significant gender disparities and a moderating influence of kinship care on the relationship between gender and PTSD, as well as increased risk associated with a history of emotional and sexual abuse. Recommendations are made for clinical and systemic intervention.

%B Child Welfare %V 90 %P 71-93 %8 2011 %G eng %N 5 %0 Journal Article %J J Affect Disord %D 2011 %T Predicting future depression in adolescents using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire: a two-nation study. %A McKenzie, Dean P %A Toumbourou, John W %A Forbes, Andrew B %A Mackinnon, Andrew J %A McMorris, Barbara J %A Catalano, Richard F %A Patton, George C %K Adolescent %K Affect %K Australia %K Child %K Depression %K Depressive Disorder %K Emotions %K Humans %K Predictive Value of Tests %K Psychology, Adolescent %K Self Concept %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K United States %X

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a key life period for the development of depression. Predicting the development of depression in adolescence through detecting specific early symptoms may aid in the development of timely screening and intervention programmes.

METHODS: We administered the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) to 5769 American and Australian students aged 10 to 15 years, at two time points, separated by 12 months. We attempted to predict high levels of depression symptoms at 12 months from symptoms at baseline, using statistical approaches based upon the quality, as well as the quantity, of depression symptoms present. These approaches included classification and regression trees (CART) and logistic regression.

RESULTS: A classification tree employing four SMFQ items, such as feelings of self-hatred and of being unloved, performed almost as well as all 13 SMFQ items at predicting subsequent depression symptomatology.

LIMITATIONS: Depression was measured using a self-report instrument, rather than a criterion standard diagnostic interview.

CONCLUSION: Further validation on other populations of adolescents is required: however the results suggest that several symptoms of depression, especially feelings of self-hatred, and being unloved, are associated with increased levels of self-reported depression at 12 months post baseline. Although screening for depression can be problematic, symptoms such as the ones above should be considered for inclusion in screening tests for adolescents.

%B J Affect Disord %V 134 %P 151-9 %8 2011 Nov %G eng %N 1-3 %R 10.1016/j.jad.2011.05.022 %0 Journal Article %J AIDS Behav %D 2011 %T A preliminary randomized controlled trial of a nurse-delivered medication adherence intervention among HIV-positive outpatients initiating antiretroviral therapy in Beijing, China. %A Simoni, Jane M %A Chen, Wei-Ti %A Huh, David %A Fredriksen-Goldsen, Karen I %A Pearson, Cynthia %A Zhao, Hongxin %A Shiu, Cheng-Shi %A Wang, Xin %A Zhang, Fujie %K Adult %K Anti-HIV Agents %K CD4 Lymphocyte Count %K China %K Counseling %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Drug Monitoring %K Electronics, Medical %K Female %K HIV Infections %K HIV-1 %K Humans %K Male %K Medication Adherence %K Middle Aged %K Nurses %K Outpatients %K RNA, Viral %K Treatment Outcome %K Viral Load %K Young Adult %X

We evaluated a nurse-delivered adherence intervention in a preliminary randomized controlled trial among 70 HIV-positive outpatients initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Beijing, China. In both arms, participants received a 30-min educational session, a pillbox, and a referral to a peer support group. In the enhanced arm, participants could choose an electronic reminder device, three sessions of counseling either alone or with a treatment adherence partner, or both reminder and counseling. Survey assessments and blood draws occurred at baseline, post-intervention (13 weeks), and follow-up (25 weeks). Primary outcomes were 7-day and 30-day adherence assessed by self-report and electronic drug monitoring (EDM), and secondary outcomes were HIV-1 RNA viral load and CD4 count. The intervention was feasible and well received. It led to some improvement in self-reported and EDM-assessed adherence but not the biological outcomes. Providing counseling and facilitating the use of electronic reminders to patients initiating ART merits further investigation as a culturally viable means of promoting adherence in China.

%B AIDS Behav %V 15 %P 919-29 %8 2011 Jul %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1007/s10461-010-9828-3 %0 Journal Article %J Women Health %D 2011 %T The prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among adolescent mothers: results from a 17-year longitudinal study. %A Gavin, Amelia R %A Lindhorst, Taryn %A Lohr, Mary Jane %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Cohort Studies %K Depression %K Female %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Marital Status %K Mothers %K Parity %K Pregnancy %K Pregnancy in Adolescence %K Prevalence %K Public Health %K Sexual Partners %K Smoking %K Social Welfare %K Spouse Abuse %K Young Adult %X

The objective of the authors in this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of elevated depressive symptoms in a 17-year cohort study of 173 women who were unmarried, pregnant adolescents between June 1988 and January 1990. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between correlates and elevated depressive symptoms during five distinct developmental periods of the life course. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory depression subscale. The prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms in adolescent mothers significantly increased over the 17 years of the study from 19.8% to 35.2%. In adjusted analyses, antenatal depressive symptoms were positively and significantly associated with elevated depressive symptoms at every developmental period. Intimate partner violence was positively and significantly associated with elevated depressive symptoms during all but one developmental period. Other significant correlates of elevated depressive symptoms included welfare receipt, smoking, and parity, all of which were significant at some, but not other, developmental periods. Antenatal depressive symptoms and intimate partner violence were positively and significantly associated with elevated depressive symptoms. Given the public health consequences associated with maternal depression, clinical and community-based interventions should be developed to identify and to treat adolescent mothers at-risk for antenatal depression and intimate partner violence.

%B Women Health %V 51 %P 525-45 %8 2011 Aug 31 %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1080/03630242.2011.606355 %0 Journal Article %J Arch Womens Ment Health %D 2011 %T Prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation during pregnancy. %A Gavin, Amelia R %A Tabb, Karen M %A Melville, Jennifer L %A Guo, Yuqing %A Katon, Wayne %K Adult %K Attitude to Health %K Comorbidity %K Confidence Intervals %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Depression %K Ethnic Groups %K Female %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Odds Ratio %K Pregnancy %K Pregnancy Complications %K Prenatal Care %K Prevalence %K Quality of Life %K Risk Factors %K Suicidal Ideation %K United States %K Young Adult %X

Data are scarce regarding the prevalence and risk factors for antenatal suicidal ideation because systematic screening for suicidal ideation during pregnancy is rare. This study reports the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation during pregnancy. We performed cross-sectional analysis of data from an ongoing registry. Study participants were 2,159 women receiving prenatal care at a university obstetric clinic from January 2004 through March 2010. Multiple logistic regression identified factors associated with antenatal suicidal ideation as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire. Overall, 2.7% of the sample reported antenatal suicidal ideation. Over 50% of women who reported antenatal suicidal ideation also reported major depression. In the fully adjusted model antenatal major depression (OR = 11.50; 95% CI 5.40, 24.48) and antenatal psychosocial stress (OR = 3.19; 95% CI 1.44, 7.05) were positively associated with an increased risk of antenatal suicidal ideation. We found that being non-Hispanic White was associated with a decreased risk of antenatal suicidal ideation (OR = 0.51; 95% CI 0.26-0.99). The prevalence of antenatal suicidal ideation in the present study was similar to rates reported in nationally representative non-pregnant samples. In other words, pregnancy is not a protective factor against suicidal ideation. Given the high comorbidity of antenatal suicidal ideation with major depression, efforts should be made to identify those women at risk for antenatal suicidal ideation through universal screening.

%B Arch Womens Ment Health %V 14 %P 239-46 %8 2011 Jun %G eng %N 3 %R 10.1007/s00737-011-0207-5 %0 Journal Article %J J Community Psychol %D 2011 %T Prevention service system transformation using Communities That Care %A Brown, Eric C %A Hawkins, J D %A Arthur, Michael W %A Briney, John S %A Fagan, Abigail A %X

This study examines prevention system transformation as part of a community-randomized controlled trial of Communities That Care (CTC). Using data from surveys of community leaders, we examine differences between CTC and control communities 4.5 years after CTC implementation. Significantly higher levels of adopting a science-based approach to prevention observed in CTC communities compared to controls in 2004 were maintained in 2007. Leaders in CTC communities expressed a willingness to contribute significantly more funds to prevention than did leaders in control communities in 2007. Significant differences in levels of community collaboration observed in 2004 were not maintained in 2007. Leaders in CTC communities with high poverty rates and large minority student populations reported higher levels of community norms against drug use and greater use of the social development strategy, respectively, than did leaders in control communities with similar characteristics.

%B J Community Psychol %V 39 %P 183-201 %8 2011 Mar 1 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1002/jcop.20426 %0 Journal Article %J J Clin Oncol %D 2011 %T Prospective neurocognitive function over 5 years after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for cancer survivors compared with matched controls at 5 years. %A Syrjala, Karen L %A Artherholt, Samantha B %A Kurland, Brenda F %A Langer, Shelby L %A Roth-Roemer, Sari %A Elrod, JoAnn Broeckel %A Dikmen, Sureyya %K Adult %K Aged %K Cognition Disorders %K Female %K Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Neoplasms %K Prospective Studies %K Survivors %K Time Factors %K Transplantation, Homologous %X

PURPOSE: Research has documented cognitive deficits both before and after high-dose treatment followed by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), with partial recovery by 1 year. This study prospectively examined the trajectory and extent of long-term cognitive dysfunction, with a focus on 1 to 5 years after treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Allogeneic HCT recipients completed standardized neuropsychological tests including information processing speed (Trail Making A and Digit Symbol Substitution Test), verbal memory (Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised), executive function (Controlled Oral Word Association Test and Trail Making B), and motor dexterity and speed (Grooved Pegboard). Survivors (n = 92) were retested after 80 days and 1 and 5 years after transplantation. Case-matched controls (n = 66) received testing at the 5-year time point. A Global Deficit Score (GDS) summarized overall impairment. Response profiles were analyzed using linear mixed effects models.

RESULTS: Survivors recovered significant cognitive function from post-transplantation (80 days) to 5 years in all tests (P < .0001) except verbal recall (P > .06). Between 1 and 5 years, verbal fluency improved (P = .0002), as did executive function (P < .01), but motor dexterity did not (P > .15), remaining below controls (P < .0001) and more than 0.5 standard deviation below population norms. In GDS, 41.5% of survivors and 19.7% of controls had mild or greater deficits (NcNemar test = 7.04, P = .007).

CONCLUSION: Although neurocognitive function improved from 1 to 5 years after HCT, deficits remained for more than 40% of survivors. Risk factors, mechanisms and rehabilitation strategies need to be identified for these residual deficits.

%B J Clin Oncol %V 29 %P 2397-404 %8 2011 Jun 10 %G eng %N 17 %R 10.1200/JCO.2010.33.9119 %0 Journal Article %J J Health Econ %D 2011 %T Psychiatric disorders and labor market outcomes: evidence from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication. %A Chatterji, Pinka %A Alegría, Margarita %A Takeuchi, David %K Adult %K Comorbidity %K Employment %K Female %K Health Surveys %K Humans %K Male %K Mental Disorders %K Models, Econometric %K Sex Distribution %K Sex Factors %K United States %X

This paper uses the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication to estimate effects of recent psychiatric disorder on employment, hours worked, and earnings. We employ methods proposed in Altonji et al. (2005a) which use selection on observable traits to provide information regarding selection along unobservable factors. Among males, disorder is associated with reductions in labor force participation and employment. When selection on observed characteristics is set equal to selection on unobserved characteristics, the magnitudes of these effects for males are 9 and 14 percentage point reductions for participation and employment, respectively. Among females, we find negative associations between disorder and labor force participation and employment, but these estimates are more sensitive to assumptions about selection. There are no effects of disorder on earnings or hours worked among employed individuals.

%B J Health Econ %V 30 %P 858-68 %8 2011 Sep %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2011.06.006 %0 Journal Article %J Drug Alcohol Depend %D 2010 %T Person-environment interaction in the prediction of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence in adulthood. %A Hill, Karl G %A Hawkins, J D %A Bailey, Jennifer A %A Catalano, Richard F %A Abbott, Robert D %A Shapiro, Valerie B %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Behavior %K Adult %K Alcoholism %K Anxiety %K Family %K Female %K Humans %K Inhibition (Psychology) %K Linear Models %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Predictive Value of Tests %K Social Environment %K Young Adult %X

BACKGROUND: Behavioral disinhibition (externalizing/impulsivity) and behavioral inhibition (internalizing/anxiety) may contribute to the development of alcohol abuse and dependence. But tests of person-by-environment interactions in predicting alcohol use disorders are needed. This study examined the extent to which interactions between behavioral disinhibition, behavioral inhibition and family management during adolescence predict alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence at age 27.

METHODS: This study used longitudinal data from a community sample of 808 men and women interviewed from ages 10 to 27 in the Seattle Social Development Project. Zero-order correlations followed by a series of nested regressions examined the relationships between individual characteristics (behavioral disinhibition and behavioral inhibition/anxiety) and environment (good vs. poor family management practices during adolescence) in predicting alcohol abuse and dependence criterion counts at age 27.

RESULTS: Behavioral disinhibition and poor family management predicted increased likelihood of both alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence at age 27. Behavioral inhibition/anxiety was unrelated to both outcomes. Youths high in behavioral disinhibition were at increased risk for later alcohol abuse and dependence only in consistently poorly managed family environments. In consistently well-managed families, high levels of behavioral disinhibition did not increase risk for later alcohol abuse or dependence.

CONCLUSIONS: Behavioral disinhibition increases risk for alcohol abuse and dependence in early adulthood only for individuals who experience poor family management during adolescence. Interventions seeking to reduce environmental risks by strengthening consistent positive family management practices may prevent later alcohol abuse and dependence among individuals at risk due to behavioral disinhibition.

%B Drug Alcohol Depend %V 110 %P 62-9 %8 2010 Jul 1 %G eng %N 1-2 %R 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.005 %0 Journal Article %J J Interpers Violence %D 2010 %T Person-oriented methods in partner violence research: distinct biopsychosocial profiles among battered women. %A Nurius, Paula S %A Macy, Rebecca J %K Aggression %K Battered Women %K Crime Victims %K Female %K Humans %K Incidence %K Internal-External Control %K Interpersonal Relations %K Multivariate Analysis %K Personality Assessment %K Qualitative Research %K Research Design %K Risk Factors %K Spouse Abuse %K Vulnerable Populations %K Women's Health %X

Violence researchers have called for the use of person-oriented methods to understand differences that have been found in biopsychosocial consequences among those who experience intimate partner violence (IPV). To address this issue, we apply a person-oriented statistical method, latent profile analysis (LPA), to test for meaningful subgroups of a sample of 448 battered women based on participants' appraisals of their vulnerability relative to their violent partner, depressive symptoms, physical injuries, overall physical health functioning, and their positive and negative social relationships with friends and family. The LPA established five significantly distinct subgroups. Using MANOVA, we examined these subgroups and their respective IPV exposure, both concomitant and separate incidents within the past year. Those with the most intensive violence exposure show the greatest level of challenge and impairment. However, the groups with comparable levels of IPV exposure manifest distinctly different configurations of biopsychosocial profiles, indicating a need for adaptive interventions commensurate with these profiles. We discuss the implications these findings have for developing adaptive interventions for battered women, as well as the potential utility of person-oriented tools for violence researchers.

%B J Interpers Violence %V 25 %P 1064-93 %8 2010 Jun %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1177/0886260509340541 %0 Journal Article %J J Adolesc Health %D 2010 %T Positive youth development as a strategy to promote adolescent sexual and reproductive health. %A Gavin, Lorrie E %A Catalano, Richard F %A Markham, Christine M %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Development %K Female %K Health Promotion %K Humans %K Male %K Reproductive Behavior %K Sexual Behavior %K Young Adult %B J Adolesc Health %V 46 %P S1-6 %8 2010 Mar %G eng %N 3 Suppl %R 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.12.017 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Obstet Gynecol %D 2010 %T Psychosocial stress during pregnancy. %A Woods, Sarah M %A Melville, Jennifer L %A Guo, Yuqing %A Fan, Ming-Yu %A Gavin, Amelia %K Adult %K Alcohol Drinking %K Cross-Sectional Studies %K Female %K Health Behavior %K Humans %K Logistic Models %K Pregnancy %K Pregnancy Outcome %K Risk Factors %K Stress, Psychological %K Substance-Related Disorders %X

OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify factors associated with high antenatal psychosocial stress and describe the course of psychosocial stress during pregnancy.

STUDY DESIGN: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from an ongoing registry. Study participants were 1522 women receiving prenatal care at a university obstetric clinic from January 2004 through March 2008. Multiple logistic regression identified factors associated with high stress as measured by the Prenatal Psychosocial Profile stress scale.

RESULTS: The majority of participants reported antenatal psychosocial stress (78% low-moderate, 6% high). Depression (odds ratios [OR], 9.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.5-17.0), panic disorder (OR, 6.8; 95% CI, 2.9-16.2), drug use (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.2-12.5), domestic violence (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.4-8.3), and having > or =2 medical comorbidities (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.8-5.5) were significantly associated with high psychosocial stress. For women who screened twice during pregnancy, mean stress scores declined during pregnancy (14.8 +/- 3.9 vs 14.2 +/- 3.8; P < .001).

CONCLUSION: Antenatal psychosocial stress is common, and high levels are associated with maternal factors known to contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes.

%B Am J Obstet Gynecol %V 202 %P 61.e1-7 %8 2010 Jan %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.07.041 %0 Journal Article %J Pediatrics %D 2010 %T Pubertal stage and the prevalence of violence and social/relational aggression. %A Hemphill, Sheryl A %A Kotevski, Aneta %A Herrenkohl, Todd I %A Toumbourou, John W %A Carlin, John B %A Catalano, Richard F %A Patton, George C %K Adolescent %K Aggression %K Antisocial Personality Disorder %K Child %K Depressive Disorder %K Female %K Humans %K Interpersonal Relations %K Male %K Prevalence %K Puberty %K Risk Factors %K Spouse Abuse %K Victoria %K Violence %K Washington %K Young Adult %X

OBJECTIVE: We examined associations between pubertal stage and violent adolescent behavior and social/relational aggression.

METHODS: The International Youth Development Study comprises statewide representative student samples in grades 5, 7, and 9 (N = 5769) in Washington State and Victoria, Australia, drawn as a 2-stage cluster sample in each state. We used a school-administered, self-report student survey to measure previous-year violent behavior (ie, attacking or beating up another person) and social/relational aggression (excluding peers from the group, threatening to spread lies or rumors), as well as risk and protective factors and pubertal development. Cross-sectional data were analyzed.

RESULTS: Compared with early puberty, the odds of violent behavior were approximately threefold higher in midpuberty (odds ratio [OR]: 2.87 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.81-4.55]) and late puberty (OR: 3.79 [95% CI: 2.25-6.39]) after adjustment for demographic factors. For social/relational aggression, there were weaker overall associations after adjustment, but these associations included an interaction between pubertal stage and age, and stronger associations with pubertal stage at younger age were shown (P = .003; midpuberty OR: 1.78 [95% CI: 1.20-2.63]; late puberty OR: 3.00 [95% CI: 1.95-4.63]). Associations between pubertal stage and violent behavior and social/relational aggression remained after the inclusion of social contextual mediators in the analyses.

CONCLUSIONS: Pubertal stage was associated with higher rates of violent behavior and social/relational aggression, with the latter association seen only at younger ages. Puberty is an important phase at which to implement prevention programs to reduce adolescent violent and antisocial behaviors.

%B Pediatrics %V 126 %P e298-305 %8 2010 Aug %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1542/peds.2009-0574