%0 Journal Article %J J Womens Health (Larchmt) %D 2012 %T Mediators of adverse birth outcomes among socially disadvantaged women. %A Gavin, Amelia R %A Nurius, Paula %A Logan-Greene, Patricia %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Cohort Studies %K Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders %K Female %K Gestational Age %K Health Behavior %K Healthcare Disparities %K Humans %K Insurance Coverage %K Mental Disorders %K Middle Aged %K Pregnancy %K Pregnancy Outcome %K Pregnant Women %K Prenatal Care %K Prospective Studies %K Social Class %K Stress, Psychological %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Surveys and Questionnaires %K United States %K Vulnerable Populations %X

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies find that socially disadvantaged women are more likely than socially advantaged women to deliver infants that weigh less than normal and/or are born weeks prior to their due date. However, little is known about the pathways that link maternal social disadvantage to birth outcomes. Using data from a prospective cohort study, we examined whether antenatal psychosocial stress, substance use, and maternal health conditions in pregnancy mediated the pathway between maternal social disadvantage and birth outcomes.

METHODS: Analyses used structural equation modeling to examine data from a community clinic-based sample (n=2168) of pregnant women who completed questionnaires assessing psychosocial functioning and health behaviors as well as sociodemographic characteristics, which were matched with subsequent birth outcome data.

RESULTS: Analyses revealed maternal social disadvantage predicted poorer birth outcomes through a mediated pathway including maternal health conditions in pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate that maternal social disadvantage is associated with poor health status in pregnancy, which in turn adversely affects birth outcomes. Results argue for more systematic attention to the roles of social disadvantage, including life course perspectives that trace social disadvantage prior to and through pregnancy.

%B J Womens Health (Larchmt) %V 21 %P 634-42 %8 2012 Jun %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1089/jwh.2011.2766 %0 Journal Article %J J Youth Stud %D 2011 %T Multi-Domain Risk and Protective Factor Predictors of Violent Behavior among At-risk Youth. %A Logan-Greene, Patricia %A Nurius, Paula S %A Herting, Jerald R %A Hooven, Carole L %A Walsh, Elaine %A Thompson, Elaine Adams %X

This study extends prior examination of adolescent violence etiology, drawing on an ethnically diverse, community accessed, yet emotionally vulnerable sample (N = 849) of adolescents at-risk for school drop-out. A balanced risk and protective factor framework captured theorized dimensions of strain, coping, and support resources. We tested the combined and unique contribution of risk and protective components spanning individual, peer/school, and family predictor domains, including victimization histories. Hierarchical regressions yielded significant overall explanation of violent behaviors as well as unique predictors within each of the three domains. Tests for sex differences and moderating effects suggested that levels of risk and protective factors differed for males and females, although the functional relationships to violence were the same for both sexes. Results are discussed relative to prevention and early intervention programs; particularly the importance of understanding adolescent violent behaviors within a context that addresses stress and distress.

%B J Youth Stud %V 14 %P 413-429 %8 2011 Jun %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1080/13676261.2010.538044