%0 Journal Article %J Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs %D 2018 %T Washington State retail marijuana legalization: Parent and adolescent preferences for marijuana messages in a sample of low-income families %A Hanson, Koren %A Haggerty, Kevin P. %A Fleming, Charles B. %A Skinner, Martie L. %A Casey-Goldstein, Mary %A Mason, W. A %A Thompson, Ronald W. %A Redmond, Cleve %B Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs %V 79 %P 309-317 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Subst Use Misuse %D 2015 %T Washington State recreational marijuana legalization: parent and adolescent perceptions, knowledge, and discussions in a sample of low-income families. %A Mason, W A %A Hanson, Koren %A Fleming, Charles B %A Ringle, Jay L %A Haggerty, Kevin P %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Family %K Female %K Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice %K Humans %K Knowledge %K Male %K Marijuana Smoking %K Parent-Child Relations %K Parents %K Perception %K Poverty %K Washington %X

BACKGROUND: In November 2012, Washington State and Colorado became the first states in the United States to legalize recreational marijuana use for adults, and Uruguay became the first country to allow the cultivation, distribution, possession, and use of marijuana. One possible consequence of these changes is increased adolescent marijuana use. Parents may mitigate this adverse consequence; however, whether parents and adolescents have accurate knowledge about the laws and are discussing marijuana use in light of the law changes is unknown.

OBJECTIVE: We examine perceptions, knowledge, and parent-child discussions about Washington State's recreational marijuana law in a sample of low-income families.

METHODS: Participants were a subset of families (n = 115) in an ongoing study that originally recruited parents and adolescents from middle schools in Tacoma, Washington. In summer 2013, when students were entering the 11(th) grade, students and their parents were asked questions about the recreational marijuana law.

RESULTS: Participants perceived that their marijuana-related attitudes and behaviors changed little as a result of the law, and displayed uncertainty about what is legal and illegal. Most parents reported discussing the new law with their children but only occasionally, and conversations emphasized household rules, particularly among parent lifetime marijuana users compared to non-users. Conclusions/Importance: Results suggest that there should be a public health campaign focused on families that provides clear information about the recreational marijuana laws.

%B Subst Use Misuse %V 50 %P 541-5 %8 2015 Apr %G eng %N 5 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25671633?dopt=Abstract %R 10.3109/10826084.2014.952447 %0 Journal Article %J J Sex Res %D 2014 %T Women's unprotected sex intentions: roles of sexual victimization, intoxication, and partner perception. %A Masters, N Tatiana %A George, William H %A Davis, Kelly Cue %A Norris, Jeanette %A Heiman, Julia R %A Jacques-Tiura, Angela J %A Gilmore, Amanda K %A Nguyen, Hong V %A Kajumulo, Kelly F %A Otto, Jacqueline M %A Stappenbeck, Cynthia A %K Adult %K Adult Survivors of Child Abuse %K Alcoholic Intoxication %K Child %K Female %K Humans %K Intention %K Sex Offenses %K Social Perception %K Unsafe Sex %K Young Adult %X

Sexually victimized women may make sexual decisions differently than nonvictimized women. This study used an eroticized scenario and laboratory alcohol administration to investigate the roles of victimization history, intoxication, and relationship context in women's perceptions of a male partner and their subsequent intentions for unprotected sex. A community sample of 436 women completed childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and adolescent/adult sexual assault (ASA) measures. After random assignment to an alcohol or control condition, participants read and projected themselves into a sexual scenario that depicted the male partner as having high or low potential for a lasting relationship. Participants rated their perceptions of his intoxication, sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk level, and anticipated reactions to insistence on condom use. They then indicated their likelihood of allowing the partner to decide how far to go sexually (abdication) and of engaging in unprotected sex. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses revealed that intoxication predicted greater unprotected sex likelihood indirectly via abdication. CSA and ASA predicted partner perceptions, which in turn predicted unprotected sex likelihood. These findings indicate that, compared to their nonvictimized counterparts, sexually victimized women may respond differently in sexual encounters partly as a function of their perceptions of partners' STI risk and anticipated reactions to condom insistence.

%B J Sex Res %V 51 %P 586-98 %8 2014 %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1080/00224499.2012.763086 %0 Journal Article %J J Aging Health %D 2013 %T Weight status in adolescence is associated with later life functional limitations. %A Vasunilashorn, Sarinnapha %A Martinson, Melissa L %K Activities of Daily Living %K Adolescent %K Aging %K Body Mass Index %K Body Weight %K Female %K Humans %K Longitudinal Studies %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Mobility Limitation %K Risk Factors %K Sex Factors %K Wisconsin %X

OBJECTIVE: This study examines the relationship between weight status in adolescence and later life functional limitations.

METHOD: We use the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study to characterize the relationship between standardized relative body mass ascertained from high school photograph portraits in 1957 and self-reported functional imitations in 2004.

RESULTS: Compared to individuals with normal body mass, those who were overweight in high school had poorer later life physical function, with observed gender differences. Women who were underweight in adolescence had better functioning in older adulthood than their normal weight counterparts. This relationship, however, was not found among men.

CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the long-term consequences of being overweight in adolescence on the functional disadvantages conferred in late life.

%B J Aging Health %V 25 %P 758-75 %8 2013 Aug %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1177/0898264313491426 %0 Journal Article %J J Adolesc Health %D 2013 %T Who dies? Disparities in mortality risk among juvenile offenders. %A Herrenkohl, Todd I %K Cause of Death %K Female %K Humans %K Juvenile Delinquency %K Male %K Mortality, Premature %B J Adolesc Health %V 52 %P 668-9 %8 2013 Jun %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.03.018 %0 Journal Article %J Lancet %D 2012 %T Worldwide application of prevention science in adolescent health. %A Catalano, Richard F %A Fagan, Abigail A %A Gavin, Loretta E %A Greenberg, Mark T %A Irwin, Charles E %A Ross, David A %A Shek, Daniel T L %K Adolescent Medicine %K Child %K Global Health %K Government Programs %K Health Behavior %K Health Status %K Humans %K Public Health %K Young Adult %X

The burden of morbidity and mortality from non-communicable disease has risen worldwide and is accelerating in low-income and middle-income countries, whereas the burden from infectious diseases has declined. Since this transition, the prevention of non-communicable disease as well as communicable disease causes of adolescent mortality has risen in importance. Problem behaviours that increase the short-term or long-term likelihood of morbidity and mortality, including alcohol, tobacco, and other drug misuse, mental health problems, unsafe sex, risky and unsafe driving, and violence are largely preventable. In the past 30 years new discoveries have led to prevention science being established as a discipline designed to mitigate these problem behaviours. Longitudinal studies have provided an understanding of risk and protective factors across the life course for many of these problem behaviours. Risks cluster across development to produce early accumulation of risk in childhood and more pervasive risk in adolescence. This understanding has led to the construction of developmentally appropriate prevention policies and programmes that have shown short-term and long-term reductions in these adolescent problem behaviours. We describe the principles of prevention science, provide examples of efficacious preventive interventions, describe challenges and potential solutions to take efficacious prevention policies and programmes to scale, and conclude with recommendations to reduce the burden of adolescent mortality and morbidity worldwide through preventive intervention.

%B Lancet %V 379 %P 1653-64 %8 2012 Apr 28 %G eng %N 9826 %R 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60238-4 %0 Journal Article %J Horm Behav %D 2011 %T Women's sexual arousal: effects of high alcohol dosages and self-control instructions. %A George, William H %A Davis, Kelly Cue %A Heiman, Julia R %A Norris, Jeanette %A Stoner, Susan A %A Schacht, Rebecca L %A Hendershot, Christian S %A Kajumulo, Kelly F %K Adult %K Alcohol Drinking %K Arousal %K Dose-Response Relationship, Drug %K Erotica %K Ethanol %K Female %K Humans %K Internal-External Control %K Libido %K Sexuality %K Vagina %K Young Adult %X

The basic relationship between alcohol and women's sexual arousal - especially genital arousal - received little research attention for nearly 30 years (e.g. Wilson and Lawson, 1978) until very recently (e.g. George et al., 2009). To investigate hypotheses based on earlier findings and Alcohol Myopia Theory (AMT), two experiments evaluated the effects of high blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) and arousal instructional demands on indices of vaginal responding and self-reported sexual arousal. In Experiment 1, self-control instructions to maximize (versus suppress) arousal increased peak and average Vaginal Pulse Amplitude (VPA) change. Self-control also interacted with a target BAC of .08% (versus .00%) to influence latency to peak arousal onset: Intoxicated women instructed to maximize showed a shorter latency to peak arousal than did intoxicated women instructed to suppress; however, sober women showed an undifferentiated pattern. Also, in Experiment 1, the target BAC of .08% had no effect on VPA or subjective arousal measures. In Experiment 2, a target BAC of .10% (versus .00%) attenuated peak change and average change in VPA, but this dosage had no effects on latency to peak achieved arousal, or on subjective arousal. Instructions to maximize arousal (versus no instruction) had no effect on any arousal measures. Overall, among young moderate drinking women, alcohol had attenuating effects but only at the higher dosage. Maximize versus suppress instructions about arousal had predicted effects on arousal and interactive effects on latency, but only at the lower dosage. The findings highlight the importance of dosage and contextual factors in alcohol's impact on the variability of women's sexual responding.

%B Horm Behav %V 59 %P 730-8 %8 2011 May %G eng %N 5 %R 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.03.006 %0 Journal Article %J J Epidemiol Community Health %D 2010 %T Who, and what, causes health inequities? Reflections on emerging debates from an exploratory Latin American/North American workshop. %A Krieger, Nancy %A Alegría, Margarita %A Almeida-Filho, Naomar %A Barbosa da Silva, Jarbas %A Barreto, Maurício L %A Beckfield, Jason %A Berkman, Lisa %A Birn, Anne-Emanuelle %A Duncan, Bruce B %A Franco, Saul %A Garcia, Dolores Acevedo %A Gruskin, Sofia %A James, Sherman A %A Laurell, Asa Christina %A Schmidt, Maria Inês %A Walters, Karina L %K Health Priorities %K Healthcare Disparities %K Humans %K Latin America %K North America %K Politics %K Poverty %K Public Health %K Social Conditions %K Social Justice %K Warfare %B J Epidemiol Community Health %V 64 %P 747-9 %8 2010 Sep %G eng %N 9 %R 10.1136/jech.2009.106906 %0 Journal Article %J Adm Policy Ment Health %D 2010 %T Why current and former recipients of foster care need high quality mental health services. %A Pecora, Peter J %K Adolescent %K Adolescent Health Services %K Affective Symptoms %K Child %K Child Behavior Disorders %K Child Health Services %K Child Welfare %K Community Mental Health Services %K Education %K Foster Home Care %K Health Policy %K Health Services Needs and Demand %K Health Services Research %K Humans %K Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care) %K Quality Assurance, Health Care %K Substance-Related Disorders %K United States %X

This commentary presents data about the emotional, behavioral, and substance abuse disorders of youth in foster care and former recipients of foster care ("alumni") in the United States to underscore the reasons why high quality mental health services are essential.

%B Adm Policy Ment Health %V 37 %P 185-90 %8 2010 Mar %G eng %N 1-2 %R 10.1007/s10488-010-0295-y %0 Journal Article %J J Urban Health %D 2010 %T Why the wait? Delayed HIV diagnosis among men who have sex with men. %A Nelson, Kimberly M %A Thiede, Hanne %A Hawes, Stephen E %A Golden, Matthew R %A Hutcheson, Rebecca %A Carey, James W %A Kurth, Ann %A Jenkins, Richard A %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Age Factors %K Delayed Diagnosis %K Health Status %K HIV Infections %K HIV Seropositivity %K Homeless Persons %K Homosexuality, Male %K Humans %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Sexual Behavior %K Socioeconomic Factors %K Substance-Related Disorders %K Young Adult %X

We sought to identify factors associated with delayed diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; testing HIV-seropositive 6 months or more after HIV seroconversion), by comparing delayed testers to non-delayed testers (persons who were diagnosed within 6 months of HIV seroconversion), in King County, Washington among men who have sex with men (MSM). Participants were recruited from HIV testing sites in the Seattle area. Delayed testing status was determined by the Serologic Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion or a self-reported previous HIV-negative test. Quantitative data on sociodemographic characteristics, health history, and drug-use and sexual behaviors were collected via computer-assisted self-interviews. Qualitative semi-structured interviews regarding testing and risk behaviors were also conducted. Multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with delayed diagnosis. Content analysis was used to establish themes in the qualitative data. Out of the 77 HIV-seropositive MSM in this sample, 39 (51%) had evidence of delayed diagnosis. Factors associated with delayed testing included being African-American, homeless, "out" to 50% or less people about male-male sex, and having only one sex partner in the past 6 months. Delayed testers often cited HIV-related sickness as their reason for testing and fear and wanting to be in denial of their HIV status as reasons for not testing. Delayed testers frequently did not identify as part of the MSM community, did not recognize that they were at risk for HIV acquisition, and did not feel a responsibility to themselves or others to disclose their HIV status. This study illustrates the need to further explore circumstances around delayed diagnosis in MSM and develop outreach methods and prevention messages targeted specifically to this potentially highly marginalized population in order to detect HIV infections earlier, provide HIV care, and prevent new infections.

%B J Urban Health %V 87 %P 642-55 %8 2010 Jul %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1007/s11524-010-9434-8